How to answer question E, F, G & H? Question 1 In an internal combustion engine

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How to answer question E, F, G & H?

Question 1 In an internal combustion engine of a car, fuel and air is mixed and ignited so that the fuel burns to release heat energy. That energy is harnessed to provide the motive force for the car On the other hand, a solar panel converts the radiant energy from the sun to electricity which can be used to power an electric car Outline in words the main reaction in the combustion engine, identifying the specific reactants and products. Why is the nature of this reaction considered chemical and not nuclear? (a) (6 marks) (b) Outline how the heat energy released by the burning fuel is converted to the mechanical energy of the car's motion. (6 marks) (c) The Japanese car, Mitsubishi Attrage, has a fuel economy of 20.8 km for every litre (t) of the fuel it burns. Suppose that it takes on average 0.582 MJ of mechanical energy to overcome drag and move the car by 1 km. Calculate the amount of mechanical energy that would have to be generated by burning 1 l of fuel. Leave your answer to 1 decimal place in MJ (5 marks) (d) The laws of physics stipulates that the theoretical upper limit to the thermal efficiency (e) of converting heat energy to mechanical energy is T + 273.15 H + 273.15 × 100% where T°C is the temperature of the environment and H°C is the temperature of the combustion chamber. Given the data below, what is the highest thermal efficiency that can ever be achieved by the internal combustion engine? Leave your answer to 1 decimal place in % (3 marks) Typical environmental air temperature Typical temperature in the combustion chamber 2500 °C -25 °C

Explanation / Answer

(E)sol:- given ,

practical efficiency = 0.20=(Qin-Qreleased)/Qin

On solving we get ,

Qreleased=0.80*Qin

And as Qin=0.582 MJ (from part c of question)

So Qreleased=0.465 MJ.... Ans

(G)sol:-efficiency of solar cell=Voc*Isc*FF/Pincident

For solar cell -efficiency =0.15

Net efficiency=solar cell efficiency*practical efficiency

=0.15*0.20=0.03

(F)the net efficiency is the product of individual efficiencies involved at each conversion steps.

So net efficiency=0.30×0.73-0.08(as its lost in transmission)

=0.139

As per c

As

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