MULTIPLE CHOICE. Choose the answer that best completes the statement or answers
ID: 153818 • Letter: M
Question
MULTIPLE CHOICE. Choose the answer that best completes the statement or answers the question.
1)The Sun's rays are directly overhead at the ________ on or about December 21.
A)Antarctica Circle
B)Tropic of Capricorn
C)Arctic Circle
D)North Pole
E)Tropic of Cancer
2)On June 21, the Sun's ray are directly overhead over the ________.
A)Tropic of Capricorn
B)Tropic of Cancer
C)Equator
D)Plane of the Ecliptic
E)Arctic Circle
3)When the Sun's rays are directly overhead at the Tropic of Capricorn, it is ________.
A)June 21
B)September 21
C)October 21
D)December 21
E)March 21
4)The farthest north the vertical rays of the Sun ever reach north of the equator, occurs on or about ________.
A)July 4
B)June 21
C)December 21
D)September 23
E)March 23
5)On both the Spring and Fall equinox, the Sun's rays are vertically overhead at the ________.
A)Tropic of Cancer
B)Tropic of Capricorn
C)Arctic Circle
D)Equator
E)None of the above
6)The cause of Earth's seasons is the
A)shape of the Earth.
B)varying output of the Sun.
C)tilt of the axis.
D)varying distance between Earth and Sun.
E)cold experienced each wintertime.
7)At times, latitudes higher than ________ degrees can have 24 hours or more of continuous darkness.
A)90 B) 10 C) 45 D) 23.5 E) 66.5
8)Which wavelengths are most poorly transmitted through the atmosphere?
A)X-rays
B)Gamma rays
C)long
D)short
E)solar radiation
9)The higher latitudes receive much less intense insolation than tropical zones because of ________.
A)albedo
B)Sun's angle of incidence
C)greenhouse effect
D)water's transmissivity
E)ocean's specific heat
10)The specific heat of water is greater than that of land. This means
A)water cools more slowly than does land.
B)water is always warmer than land.
C)land cools more slowly than does water.
D)land is always warmer than water.
E)none of the above
11)The energy emitted from the Sun is a product of ________.
A)radioactive decay
B)nuclear fission
C)nuclear fusion
D)geysers
E)very strong batteries
12)For the most part the atmosphere is heated from the ________.
A)Sun
B)reflection from the Moon
C)storms
D)Earth's surface
E)cyclones
13)The trapping of longwave radiation in the atmosphere is popularly called
A)scattering.
B)the Greenhouse effect.
C)Coriolis effect.
D)the carbon dioxide effect.
E)advection.
14)The process of evaporation of water to gas releases stored energy called
A)conduction.
B)latent heat.
C)advection.
D)convection.
E)compression.
15)Almost all terrestrial radiation can be considered to be ________ and almost all solar radiation can be considered to be ________.
A)longwave, shortwave
B)shortwave, longwave
C)longwave, longwave
D)shortwave, shortwave
E)heat, light
16)The main culprit for global warming appears to be
A)inaccurate computer models.
B)carbon dioxide.
C)chlorofluorocarbons.
D)nitrous oxides.
E)methane.
17)At which locations is solar energy most concentrated?
A)where the Sun is closest to the curved Earth surface
B)where the atmosphere has the most water vapor
C)At the perihelion, when Earth is closest to the Sun
D)at places where the angle of incidence is 0°
E)at places where the angle of incidence is 90°
18)Dallas, Texas is in the continental interior. San Diego, California is on the ocean. Which of the following is true?
A)There should not be much temperature difference if their latitudes are similar.
B)There should not be much temperature difference if their longitudes are similar.
C)Dallas should have a larger yearly range of temperature than San Diego.
D)Dallas' summertime temperatures should be lower than San Diego's.
E)San Diego's wintertime temperatures should be lower than Dallas'.
19)A main absorber of ultraviolet radiation in the atmosphere is ________.
A)carbon dioxide
B)ozone
C)neon
D)argon
E)dust
20)Vertical mixing and turbulence of air are most characteristic of the ________ where air density is the greatest.
A)mesosphere
B)troposphere
C)exosphere
D)thermosphere
E)stratosphere
21)Which of the following substances is closely associated with the breakdown of the ozone layer?
A)nitrogen oxides
B)carbon dioxide
C)chlorofluorocarbons
D)infrared radiation
E)water vapor
22)The order of the atmospheric layers from the surface up into the atmosphere is:
A)stratosphere, mesosphere, thermosphere, troposphere, exosphere.
B)thermosphere, stratosphere, mesosphere, exosphere, troposphere.
C)troposphere, mesosphere, stratosphere, thermosphere, exosphere.
D)troposphere, stratosphere, mesosphere, thermosphere, exosphere.
E)exosphere, stratosphere, troposphere, mesosphere, thermosphere.
23)"Weather" and "climate" are
A)differentiated because climate studies the stratosphere.
B)differentiated because climate studies the long-term.
C)synonyms.
D)differentiated because weather is not covered in your textbook.
E)both atmospheric studies based on many decades of data.
24)________ particulates in the atmosphere absorb water and are the basis for cloud formation.
A)Poisonous
B)Blue
C)Hygroscopic
D)Gaseous
E)Carbon
25)The phenomenon of atmospheric scattering is most closely associated with which visible electromagnetic wavelengths?
A)blue
B)X-rays
C)green
D)red
E)microwaves
26)The higher latitudes receive much less intense insolation than tropical zones because of ________.
A)greenhouse effect
B)water's transmissivity
C)ocean's specific heat
D)Sun's angle of incidence
E)albedo
27)The reddish tint of the Sun in the late afternoon results from ________.
A)reflection
B)condition
C)scattering
D)albedo
E)advection
28)A main absorber of ultraviolet radiation in the atmosphere is ________.
A)dust
B)argon
C)carbon dioxide
D)ozone
E)neon
29)The observed increase in greenhouse gases in the atmosphere in this century is attributable to
A)earthquakes.
B)the end of the "Ice Age".
C)volcanoes.
D)human activities.
E)grass fires set by lightning.
30)Solar energy is also known as ________.
A)conduction
B)convection
C)insolation
D)longwave energy
E)power
31)The side of a mountain sheltered from prevailing winds is the ________.
A)meridional
B)windward
C)coriolis
D)sunnier
E)leeward
32)Together, oxygen and nitrogen comprise what percentage of the atmosphere?
A)about 25%
B)less than 10%
C)less than 1%
D)more than 95%
E)about 75%
33)________ particulates in the atmosphere absorb water and are the basis for cloud formation.
A)Blue
B)Gaseous
C)Hygroscopic
D)Poisonous
E)Carbon
34)The process of evaporation of water absorbs energy called
A)compression.
B)latent heat.
C)convection.
D)advection.
E)conduction.
35)Which of the following refers to the speed at which the atoms in a substance are vibrating?
A)angle of incidence
B)latent heat
C)coldness
D)rotation
E)heat
Essay Question Section
1. Based on your reading of “Global Warming and the Greenhouse Effect” in our textbook and your viewing of “An Inconvenient Truth” explain: (a) what the greenhouse effect is; (b) what naturally causes the greenhouse effect; (c) what humans have done to influence the greenhouse effect; and, (d) why the greenhouse effect is both a good thing and a bad thing for Earth. Use specific examples from your book and/or the movie in your answer. It might help if you use terms like greenhouse gases, shortwave radiation, longwave radiation, and transmission. (10 points)
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
2. Choose one of the “elements of weather and climate” then, in one sentence, describe how it can be controlled by one of the “principal controls of weather and climate”. (3 points)
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Choose 3 OR 4, but only do ONE of them. (3 points each)
3. For a physical geographer, why is the troposphere more important than the other 4 layers?
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
4. Explain why are the hottest parts of Earth are not in equatorial regions?
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
5. If the temperature of a parcel of air is 60oF at 1000 feet above see level, what will the temperature of the air parcel be at 6000 feet? Assume a lapse rate of 3.5oF/1000 feet. Show your work below AND CIRCLE YOUR FINAL ANSWER. (3 points total)
6. The diagram below shows Earth with respect to the sun at various times of the year. Fill in the blanks with the number of the circle which corresponds to each of the following. (1 point each – all are in respect to the northern hemisphere; 6 points total)
Explanation / Answer
1. The Sun's rays are directly overhead at the (B)Tropic of Capricorn on or about December 21. This is the december solstice also known southern solastice. In the southern hemispehere it is summer solstice and in the northen hemisphere this is winter solstice.
2. On June 21, the Sun's ray are directly overhead over the (B)Tropic of Cancer. This is known as the June solstice (summer solstice in northern hemispehere and winter solstice in the southern hemisphere).
3)When the Sun's rays are directly overhead at the Tropic of Capricorn, it is (D) December 21. his is the december solstice also known southern solastice. In the southern hemispehere it is summer solstice and in the northen hemisphere this is winter solstice.
4. B. June 21. June solstice (summer solstice in northern hemisphere and winter solstice in the southern hemisphere)
5. D. Equator
6. C. tilt of the axis.
7. E. 66.5
8. C. long
9. B. Sun's angle of incidence
10. A. water cools more slowly than does land. The specific heat is the amount of heat required to increase the temperature 1o C of an unit mass. So water warms lately and also cools slowly than land.
11. C. nuclear fusion. The energy in the sun surface created due to the fusion of hydrogen nuclei into the helium nuclei.
12. D. Earth's surface. Most of the most part the atmosphere is heated due to the energy emitted by the earth surface.
13. B. the Greenhouse effect.
14. B. latent heat.
15. A. longwave, shortwave
16. B. carbon dioxide.
17. E. at places where the angle of incidence is 90°
18. C. Dallas should have a larger yearly range of temperature than San Diego.
19. B. ozone
20. B. troposphere
21. C. chlorofluorocarbons
22. D. troposphere, stratosphere, mesosphere, thermosphere, exosphere.
23. B. differentiated because climate studies the long-term.
24. C. Hygroscopic
25. D. red
26. D. Sun's angle of incidence
27. C. scattering
28. D. ozone
29. D. human activities.
30. E. power
31. E. leeward
32. D. more than 95% (78% nitrogen, 21% oxygen)
33. C. Hygroscopic
34. B. latent heat.
35. E. heat
Sorry, due to time contraint, could not able answer all. But i had given my best effort to answer maximum number of questions. If you are happy, please gives a thums up.
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