ALL ONE PROBLEM. Identify the three domains, list the kingdoms in each and ident
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ALL ONE PROBLEM.
Identify the three domains, list the kingdoms in each and identify the derived traits that most separate and define them.
Place major hominid groups on a timeline and identifly the major derived traits that separate them.
What was the role of habitat/climate change in the evolution of bipedalism and upright posture?
Using the data provided below, reconstruct a phylogeny for the four microbial "species".
(https://evolution.berkeley.edu/evolibrary/article/phylogenetics_07) (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=6_XMKmFQ_w8)
Identify the three domains, list the kingdoms in each and identify the derived traits that most separate and define them. Domain Week 4 Workshe et: Earth's History ast Name Doma in GROUP # Doma in Place major hominid groups on a timeline and identifly the major derived traits that separate them What was the role of habitat/climate change in the evolution of bipedalism and upright posture? Phylogenetic trees are commonly used in biology and, not only show relatedness among species (or other taxonomic categories), but also show the evolutionary history of lineages. Using the data provided below, reconstruct a phylogeny for the four microbial "species" here. To get started, look here (https://evolution.berkeley.edu/evolibrary/article/phylogenetics 07) and here (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v-6_XMKmFQ w8) Bacterium ARod Bacterium B Round Bacterium, C BacteriumD Round ColorProteinCa Green Blue Grey Surface SurfaceExplanation / Answer
Step1: Organisms can be classified into three domains based on differences in the sequences of nucleotides in the cell's ribosomal RNAs, the cells membrane lipid structure,and its sensitivity to antibiotics.
The three domains are Archaea, Bacteria and the Eukarya.
The kingdoms are
Bacteria -Eubacteria( true bacteria) : Unicellular, absorptive-heterotrophic, photoautotrophic prokaryotes.
Archaea - Archaebacteria (anicient bacteria) : Prokaryotic like bacteria, but biochemicals of cell walls, protiens associated with DNA and some metabolic paths different from Bacteria
The Eukarya subdivided into following kingdoms - Protista, Fungi, Plantae and Animalia : Nucluei surrounded by membranes.
Step2: The 5 major huminoid groups are
1.Australopithecus afarensis: 5 -1 million years ago : Walk somewhat upright and 4-5.5 feet tall, brain is half size of modern human
2. Homo habilis: 1-2 million years ago: 4.5 feet tall, brain is half size of modern human but larger than Australopithecus.
3. Homo erectus:1.5 million -250,000 years ago : brain largrt than homohailis and 1st to walk completely uright without stoping.
4.Homo sapiens neanderthalensis: 100,000-40,000 years ago :lower, flatter heads than modren humans and brain equals to modern humans.
5. Homo sapiens Cro-Magnon: 40,000-10,000 years ago: positiion of larynx made them capable of clear speech and more advanced language!
Step3: The major climate change is in eastern Africa after the creation of panama isthmus transformed rain forests into savannahs.
Abrupt climate change brought the development of upright walking style and larger brain. The reason is the cooler and drier climate that occured in the eastern Africa after the creation of panama isthmus transformed rain forests into savannahs, where food sources are scattered and farther away. The changes forced proto hominoids from forest to savannah grass lands, there they need larger brain to develop more complicated food gathering tasks. The apes that lived in new environment found walking upright and moving on two legs much better way getting around the ground. Walking upright is the most energy efficient way to cover distances and freeds the hands to gather large amount of food. The erect posture kept the body cool by exposing more skin to breezes and less skin to sun.
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