The polymerase chain reaction (PCR) uses thermostable polymerases to amplify a s

Question

The polymerase chain reaction (PCR) uses thermostable polymerases to amplify a specific target region of DNA. Why must the DNA polymerases used in PCR be stable at temperatures considerably higher than room temperature? Choose all of the statements that apply.

1. The optimum temperature for annealing primers to DNA is between 50 and 65 °C

2. Some of the reactions in PCR occur above 100 °C

3. The DNA polymerases used for PCR occur as multisubunit complexes of proteins.

4. Double-stranded DNA is denatured into single strands at temperatures around 95 °C.

5. TAQ polymerase has an optimal temperature of approximately 75 °C

6. All DNA polymerases are stable up to 100 °C.

Explanation / Answer

To
The polymerase chain reaction (PCR) uses thermostable polymerases to amplify a specific target region of DNA. Why must the DNA polymerases used in PCR be stable at temperatures considerably higher than room temperature, because
The optimum temperature for annealing primers to DNA is between 50 and 65 °C (annealing temperature is temperature at which primers are attached to DNA and add nucleotide , temperature between 50 to 65C is ideal for that because DNA is stable at this temperature).

Double-stranded DNA is denatured into single strands at temperatures around 95 °C( at 95C hydrogen bonds in DNA become unstable and break down and double stranded DNA become single stranded.)
TAQ polymerase has an optimal temperature of approximately 75 °C

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