5. What are the most important cells in the acute inflammatory response? What ty
ID: 148019 • Letter: 5
Question
5. What are the most important cells in the acute inflammatory response? What type of cell is more important later to clean up debris. What are neutrophils? 6. What are the possible outcomes of inflammation? 7. How do Mast Cells contribute to the inflammatory response? 8. What is the difference between acute infection and chronic infection? What are the features and predominant cells of each? 9. Identify the cell-derived mediators of inflammation. What is a prostaglandin? What are leukotrienes? 10. What are the mediators of inflammation from blood plasma? 11. What is Bradykinin? 12. What is the complement system? Why is it only effective on bacteria? 13. Define exudate, and identify the different types a. Serous: b. Purulent: c. Fibrinous: d. Adhesions e. Hemorrhagic: 14. What is the difference between serous and fibrinous exudates? 15. What role do adrenal corticosteroids play in inflammation? 16. What is the definition of infection? 17.Define the following a. Cellulitis b. Abscess c. Septicemia d. Pathogenic: e. Virulence f. Host 18. What factors influence the outcome of an infection? (Hint: see Figure 5-Explanation / Answer
5) Most important cells involved in acute inflammation are neutrophils and macrophages.
Macrophages are involved in cleaning up the debris later.
Neutrophils are a type of white blood cells called granulocytes ( granules are present in cytoplasm). They are primary mediators in acute inflammation.
6) Possible outcomes of inflammation are-
a) Complete resolution
b)Healing by connective tissue replacement ( by scaring or fibrosis)
c) Progression of response to chronic inflammation.
7) Mast cells are widely distributed in connective tissues and participate in both acute and chronic inflammatory response. They bind to IgE antibodies and release mediators like histamine and prostaglandins by degranulating themselves.
8) Acute inflammation- Starts quickly and spreads rapidly.
Primary cell involved is neutrophil ( polymorphonuclear leukocytes).
Chronic inflammation- It's a response of prolong duration and usually follows an acute inflammation.
Primary cell involved is lymphocyte.
9) Cell derived mediators are- a) Basoactive amines eg- histamine.
b)Cytokinesi eg- IL-1,IL-6.
c)Platelet activating factor.
d)Prostaglandins.
e)Leukotrienes.
Prostaglandins are produced by mast cells ,macrophages,endothelial cells and many other cell types and are involved in the vascular and systemic reactions of inflammation.
Leukotrienes are produced by mast cells and leucocytes by the action of lypoxygenase and are involveinvolved in vascular and smooth muscle reactions and leucocyte recruitment.
10) Plasma drives mediators-
a) Complement
b) Kinins
11) Bradykinin increases vascular permeability and causes contraction of smooth muscles,dilat dil of blood vessels and pain when injected into the skin.
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