Academic Integrity: tutoring, explanations, and feedback — we don’t complete graded work or submit on a student’s behalf.

1. A tradeoff between size and number of offspring means that having more offspr

ID: 144121 • Letter: 1

Question

1. A tradeoff between size and number of offspring means that having more offspring requires that they also be smaller (more; smaller), and having larger offspring requires that there be fewer offspring overall (fewer; larger). Which of these do we expect to do better in a favorable, stable environment with dense and fairly stable populations? ___________ Which should do better in a chaotic environment, in which frequent disturbance and/or high predation rates keep population densities fairly low?___________

2. Reproductive effort can improve an adult’s fitness by increasing its total number of __________________, but reproductive effort can also reduce the same adult’s fitness by decreasing its chances of _______________________.

3. If a species evolves in a low-stress, low-disturbance environment, its fitness is likely to be limited by _____________, so we expect that it will correspond to a __________ strategy according to Grime’s CSR triangle.

Explanation / Answer

1. A tradeoff between size and number of offspring means that having more offspring requires that they also be smaller (more; smaller), and having larger offspring requires that there be fewer offspring overall (fewer; larger). Which of these do we expect to do better in a favorable, stable environment with dense and fairly stable populations?

Answer to blank: The population with larger and fewer offsprings

Which should do better in a chaotic environment, in which frequent disturbance and/or high predation rates keep population densities fairly low?

Answer to blank: The population with smaller and more offsprings

2. Reproductive effort can improve an adult’s fitness by increasing its total number of off-springs, but reproductive effort can also reduce the same adult’s fitness by decreasing its chances of survival

3. If a species evolves in a low-stress, low-disturbance environment, its fitness is likely to be limited by competition, so we expect that it will correspond to a Universal Adaptive strategy according to Grime’s CSR triangle.

Reasons:

Blank 1 a) The population with larger and fewer offsprings because the population is stable it can use up its energy in nurturing less but more efficient offsprings

Blank 1 b) The population with smaller and more offsprings because the population is ustable it needs to protect itself from predators or has to compete for resources. So, it cannot diverge its energy in producing large off spring but will produce small and more offsprings so that atleast few may survive.

Here small and large are in context of efficiency. Large offsprings correspond to those with better survival while small are with low survivsl as they can be prey to their predators easily.

Blank 2 a) off springs b) survival

It is because giving birth to more offsprings require more expenditure of energy which decreases individuals longevity/ age of survival.

Blank 3 a) Competition b) Universal Adaptive strategy

According to universal adaptive theory, CSR traingle which stands for competition, stress and disturbances. If two factors are favouable, third one is going to limit the population.