LIFE SCIENCE LABORATORY EXERCISE 2: OBSERVING CELLS OF MULTICELLULAR ORGANISMS T
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LIFE SCIENCE LABORATORY EXERCISE 2: OBSERVING CELLS OF MULTICELLULAR ORGANISMS The evolution of multicellularity allowed for the division of labor and specialization of cells Consequently, cells composing a particular multicellular organism will harbor more or less of the organelles listed in Table 2.1 depending on that cell's function. For example, the cells composing the of a plant would be expected to have chloroplasts since they rely on light to function, however cells the root would not. Similarly, in animals, male reproductive cells (sperm) that travel from one place to another might be expected to have a flagellum, whereas cells composing a structure that stays in one place (e-g. muscles) would not. leaf from Differences between the cells of plants and animals are equally apparent. While they have certairn features in common, they are unique in other ways -reflecting their different biological roles. For example, if someone were to ask you what makes a plant different from an animal, you might say that plants are capable of producing their own food and are usually green, stiff, and stuck in one place; whereas animals are more mobile and are able to seek out and consume plants and other animals. These are important observations and structural, as well as functional differences in their cells will be readily apparent by observing examples of each Working in teams of two, prepare wet mounts of the leaves of an aquatic plant, Elodea, and epithelial cells of an animal, Homo sapiens (you), as directed below. Examine both preparations with the low power (10x) and high power (40x) objectives of your compound microscope. Draw what you see in the appropriate spaces in Figures 2.2 and 2.3. Note that most cell organelles are too small to be visible using the compound microscope, so our understanding of cellular structures is based mainly on research using electron microscopes. Compare what you are able to see with illustrations of cell structures provided by your instructor or from models available in the room. Pluck a single leaf from the common pond plant known as Elodea. Place the leaf in a drop of water on a microscope slide. Be sure the leaf is spread flat against the slide as you add a cover slip. The cell wall, central vacuole, and chloroplasts should be visible. Draw and label the structures that you see in Figure 2.2 and based on your observations, answer the questions that follow. vatise Fig. 2.2 Plant Cells 10x 40x - 12Explanation / Answer
Ans 1) On the basis of their number ,color and presence in leaves these structures are called as Chloroplasts.
Ans2)They are green because they contain chlorophyll.
Ans3) These structures perform a very important function called as photosynthesis.
Chloroplasts use sunlight alongwith with water and carbon dioxide gas to produce food for the plant.Chloroplasts use light energy from the sun to generate the free energy keep in adenosine triphosphateand NADPH through a method known as photosynthesis.
Ans 4) If water were to flow inside into a plant cell, it would swell and/or burst because to much water is getting in the cell usually happens in a hypertonic solution ( osmosis ).
Ans5) If water was to flow out of a plant cell, it will end up shrinking from the water leaving the cell which happens in a hypotonic solution ( osmosis ).
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