1. There are many more poikilotherms/ectotherms in aquatic environments than hom

Question

1. There are many more poikilotherms/ectotherms in aquatic environments than homeotherms. Which of the following could be a reason for this?
a) the water molecules are small

b) water is a great insulator

c) water is polar

d) all of these

e) none of these

2. A valid hypothesis is one that can be:
a) proved

b) robust

c) specific

d) interesting

e) disproved

3. Which of the following is the reason for the saltiness of the world oceans?
a) solvent properties of water

b) suspended solutes in the water

c) a large concentration of compounds bound by ionic bonds

d) all of these

e) none of these

Explanation / Answer

Question 1: Answer: Homeotherms or endotherms are warm-blooded animals which can generate body heat through various internal metabolic processes and as such they do not require the surrounding temperature for body heat regulation to achieve homeostasis. On the otherhand, ectotherms or poikilotherms are very much dependent upon their surroundings and external niche for temperature regulation and homeostatic maintenance of body-heat. The aquatic environment provides good insulation against loss of heat as water is very good insulator. Since water is polar, there is a constant diffusion of heat which allows the aquatic fauna to control body heat. Moreover, water molecules are very small in structure and form a mesh through hydrogen nondhing between other water molecules which helps in encapsulation of heat, thereby preventing heat loss and promoting homeostasis in aquatic poikilotherms. OPTION: (d)

Question 2: Answer: A valid hypothesis is one which can be tested against cause, localization and classification. Generally, hypothesis should be made on the basis that it can be contradicted, falsified and disproved when experimentation are being done on it. Such a hypothesis is considered valid if it can be scientifically disproven. OPTION: (e)

Question 3: Answer: Oceans and seas are the repository of all nearby rivers and freshwater sources. All matter, salts and other organic and inorganic soluble and insoluble compounds are finally deposited into the large openings of seas and oceans. Since the average area of oceans and seas are extremely huge, these account for deposits of huge volumes of different kinds of salts in them. Majority of the salts are comprised of sodium and chloride ions formed through strong ionic interactions. As such oceanic bodies are salty in nature. OPTION: (e)

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