3. Sickle-cell anemia is a striking example of the drastic effect a single amino

Question

3. Sickle-cell anemia is a striking example of the drastic effect a single amino acid substitution can have on the structure and function of a protein. One mutation associated with sickle cell anemia is a valine substitution for the glutamate (glutamic acid) that is present in the normal protein. Given the chemical nature of glutamate and valine, can you suggest why substitution of valine for glutamate would be especially deleterious? a. The amino acid glutamate is hydrophilic and ionizes at cellular pH, whereas valine is hydrophobic and nonionic. b. The amino acid glutamate is hydrophobic and ionizes at cellular pH, whereas valine is hydrophilic and nonion1c. c. The amino acid glutamate is hydrophobic and nonionic, whereas valine is hydrophilic and ionizes at cellular pH d. The amino acid glutamate is hydrophilic and nonionic, whereas valine is hydrophobic and ionizes at cellular

Explanation / Answer

A. Glutamate is hydrophilic and ionised at cellular pH, valine is hydrophobic and non ionic.

As, glutamate is basically Glutamic acid but it release hydroxyl OH- group easily at cellular pH so it is called glutamate.

While valine remains non ionic.

And as glutamate remains in ionic firms mainly ,it becomes easier for it to mix with water unlike valine. Beacuse ionic susbstances dissolve faster.

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