ve prot ne white speckled color morph of Biston betularia or Peppered Moth is fo
ID: 141363 • Letter: V
Question
ve prot ne white speckled color morph of Biston betularia or Peppered Moth is found in uen: The 02 opolluted/rural forests of England and is the dominant phenotype. The speckled white morphs are camouflaged from predators by blending in with white tree bark. The black morph is in lower abundance in unpolluted areas, and is most common in polluted/urban areas. Researchers gathered populations of Peppered Moths from an urban forest and a rural forest, and compiled these data, based on reproductive success of their offspring. SHOW YOUR WORK (2 places after decimal) color color Genotype Rural Urban 145 11 85 80 5 125 WW White morph WB White morph BB Black morph WB a) Calculate the relative Fitness for each genotype and Selection Coefficients for each genotype and location (Rural and Urban) populations of Peppered Moths. (2 places after decimal) NOTATION, subscript w means fitness, subscript S means selection. WWw WBw BBw What is the relationship between fitness an selection coefficient? Hint: What is the selection coefficient against the most prolific genotype? What is the fitness of the genotype and how does it relate to the others. b) c) Why would selection coefficients differ between Peppered Moth populations?Explanation / Answer
A) Relative fitness of each genotype in rural area:
WWw = 146/146 = 1; selection coefficient, s = 1-1 = 0
WBw = 85/146 = 0.58; s = 1-0.58 = 0.42
BBw = 5/146 = 0.03; s = 1-0.03 = 0.97
Relative fitness of each genotype in urban area:
WWw = 11/125 = 0.09; s = 1-0.09 = 0.91
WBw = 80/125 = 0.64; s = 1-0.64 = 0.36
BBw = 125/125 = 1; s = 1-1 = 0
B) Relative fitness and selection coefficient is inversely related. The selection coefficient of the most prolific genotype is 0. The fitness of this particular genotype is 1 as it has the highest survival rate among all the other genotypes. The relationship between the two is given by the formula,
Selection coefficient = 1 - relative fitness
C) The selection coefficient suffered between peppered moth populations because of their difference in survival rates.
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