Emphasis Heading 1 Norma provements, choose Check for Updates. 9. How much energ
ID: 140657 • Letter: E
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Emphasis Heading 1 Norma provements, choose Check for Updates. 9. How much energy is released or absorbed when 2 hydrogen bonds are formed? [2 points) 10. How many hydrogen bonds will a water molecule have in ice and in liquid water? [2 points) 11. In order for water molecules to form all possible hydrogen bonds with other water molecules as it does in ice, the molecules must move hfthr apart so they may align properly, what feature of ice does this lead to? [I points] 12. What is "specific heat"? Also, explain in detail why water's specific heat is so high? 14Explanation / Answer
Answe 9: Hydrogen is the lighest element with one single proton and one electron which makes hydrogen atom to donate or accept one electron to acheive stable electronic configuration. In an chemical reactions molecular bonds were broken and forming other bonds sisde by side. For the formation of hydrogen bonds 436.4 kJ/mol of energy were released.
Therefore, the sum of energies released to form the two hydrogen bonds is,
Energy released when of two hydrogen bonds forms = 2 x 436.4 kJ/mol
= 872.8 kJ/mol.
Answer 10: Water is an important molecule for biological systems which is formed when two atom and one atom of oxygen get covalently attached by sharing number of electrons among each other. However, sharing of electron in water molecule is unequal because oxygens is more electronegative then hydrogen which strongly attracts both electron from hydrogen atom. Water is polar molecule due to which it dissolve somany things. In addition, waterli liquid state forms approximately 3.4 of hydrogen bond (not four) with other water molecules. On the other side, the crystailline property of ice make each molecule is hydrogen bondedto 4 other molecules.
Answer 11: In ice, each water molecule forms four hydrogen bonds with an 2.79 Angstrong distance between O-O to the nearest oxygen and contains 109°, attains tetrahedrally coordinated lattice structure. The crystalline property of ice make less denser when compared with water and found cage like structures.
Answe 12: Specific heat is the amount of heat (in calories) required to raise the temprature of waterby 1 gram by 1 degree celcius. Water has the high specific heat withan value 1 calories or 4.184 Joules. Water molecule strongly hold together and makes then in liquid at room temprature and allow water molecle to absorb a lot of heat before viberations.
Moreover, presesnce of electronegative atomcalled oxygen attracts electron from hydrogen and make hydrogen bond weak as compared to intramolecular bonds such as covalent bonds. Water have three rotational degree of freedom which allows many rotational movements and takes lot of heat before vibrartions and give rise to high specific heat.
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