A child in a boat throws a 5.85-kg package out horizontally with a speed of 10.0

Question

A child in a boat throws a 5.85-kg package out horizontally with a speed of 10.0 m/s. The mass of the child is 19.2 kg and the mass of the boat is 37.8 kg .

1) Calculate the velocity of the boat immediately after, assuming it was initially at rest.

Express your answer to three significant figures and include the appropriate units. Enter positive value if the direction of the force is in the direction of the velocity of the box and negative value if the direction of the force is in the direction opposite to the velocity of the box.

Explanation / Answer

mass of child = m1 = 19.2 kg

mass of boat =m2 = 37.8 kg

mass of package = m3 = 5.85 kg

Applying momentum conservation

u3 = 10 m/s

(m1 + m2) v + m3 u3 = 0

( 19.2 + 37.8 ) v + 5.85*10

v = - 5.85*10 / ( 19.2 + 37.8 ) = -1.026 m/s = - 1.03 m/s

velocity of the boat immediately after = v = - 1.03 m/s

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