St. Vincent\'s College Bridgeport, CT 06606 Nursing 101 Major Medical Surgical D

Question

St. Vincent's College Bridgeport, CT 06606 Nursing 101 Major Medical Surgical Diagnoses A5 x 8 card is to be completed on each the following major diagnoses: DUE WEEK 2 Diabetes Type 1 Diabetes Type 2 Pneumonia Chronic Renal Asthma Bronchitis DUE WEEK 3 Acute Renal Failure Failure COPD Chronic Obstruc CHF Congestive Heart DVT Deep Vein tive Pulmonary Disease Failure DUE WEEK 4 Cellulitis Thrombosis Ischemic Stroke Hemorrhagic Stroke C-diff clostridium difficile (methicillin-resistant staphylococcus aureus) These cards are to include a definition, common signs and symptoms, treatment modalities, nursing interventions and examples of applicable nursing diagnoses, You must also indicate the source of the information. (text/author with page number or website) A sample diagnosis card is on the back. These cards are to be completed and tuned in to your clinical instructor for review. These cards will be used by you with your weekly care plans for the rest of this semester and in future nursing courses. The more detailed the cards are, the better they will serve you when planning patient care. Cards can be hand written or printed. They must be on 5x8" index cards or % sheet card stock. We want them to be durable to be reused throughout your time in the nursing program.

Explanation / Answer

Due week 2

1.Diabetes mellitus is a group of metabolic disorder characterized by elevated levels of blood glucose . Two types of diabetes mellitus are there :-

Type1- due to deficency of insulin

Type2- due to resistance to insulin

Sign and symptoms :-

- polydipsia

-polyphagia

- polyuria

- decreased.weight

- delayed healing of wounds

- blurred vision

- numbness and tingling of hands ,feets

- dry skin

- nausea , vomiting

- stomach pain

- fruity breath odor

Treatment modalities :-

- For type 1- use of insulin ,it is called insulin dependent diabetes mellitus.

- For type 2- oral hypoglycemic agents , exercise, life style modification

Nursing interventions are:-

- assess the vital signs

- assess the blood sugar and administration of insulin

- assess for any delay in wound healing

- assess the sign and symptoms of diabetes mellitus to treat complications as early

- provide the patient health education on foot care

- assess the neurovascular status of the feet ,for any numbness and tingling, decreased capillary refill etc

- provide counseling on diet

- education and training patient on how to self administer insulin

- assess the patient for renal and eye complications.

Nursing diagnosis examples :-

- Deficient knowledge about diabetes,self care

- Anxiety related to loss of control ,fear of inability to manage diabetes

- Risk for injury of foot related to decreased sensation of peripheral nerve

- Risk for fluid volume deficit related to polyuria and dehydration

- Fluid and electrolyte imbalance related to fluid loss or shift

2. Asthma is the chronic inflammatory disease of the airways characterised by hyperresponsiveness ,mucosal edema and mucus production.

Sign and symptoms are:-

- cough

-chest pain

- dysnea

- wheezing

- exacerbated at night and early morning- difficulty in breathing

- expiration is prolonged

- diaphoresis

- tachycardia

- eczema, rash and edema

- cyanosis

- hypoxia

-widened pulse pressure

Treatment modalities are:-

- pharmacological treatment include:-

1. Short acting beta 2adrenergic agonists

2. Anticholinergic

3. Corticosteroid-MDI

4. Leukotriene modifiers inhibitors

5. Methylxanthines

Nursing interventions are:-

- assess the patients respiratory status(SPO2,RR,breath sounds ,vital signs)

- history of any allergic reactions to medications or other things like pollen grains.

- advise patient to strictly adhere to medications regimen, provide oxygen therapy ,semi Fowler's positioning

- avoid patient to avoid things which excaberate asthma

- quit smoking

- teach patient how to use MDI (metered rose inhaler)

- administration of fluids for dehydration ,and advise patient to increase fluid intake to loosen the secretion

- Providing steam inhalation and nebulization and teaching on how to use nebulizer machine at home

Nursing diagnosis :-

- Ineffective breathing pattern related to copious secretion

- Risk for impaired gas exchange related to inflammation of airways

- Deficient knowledge related to disease and management of adverse effects

- Anxiety related to disease condition,fear of inability to breath

3. Bronchitis is the disease of airway , presence of cough, and sputum production for atleast 3months in each of two consecutive years .

Sign and symptoms are:-

- cough

- sputum production(copious)

- dysnea

- hemoptysis

- clubbing of fingers

-repeated Pulmonary infections

Treatment modalities are:-

- loosen the secretion by chest physiotherapy with percussion ,postural drainage ,steam inhalation , nebulization

- bronchoscopy if heavy bronchial secretion

- antibiotic therapy

- use of bronchodilators

- cessation of smoking

- avoidance of allergic areas

- vaccination against influenza and pneumoniae

Surgical - segmental resection of lobes of lung

Nursing interventions are:-

- assess the respiratory status of patients which includes SPO2, vital signs ,breath sounds monitoring etc

- provide steam inhalation , nebulization ,chest physiotherapy and suctioning

- increase fluid intake to loosen secretion

- administration of antibiotics

- administration of vaccine to prevent influence and pneumoniae

-providind the patient semi Fowler's position to expand the lungs

- provide oxygen therapy and suctioning to excrete secretions

Nursing diagnosis :-

- Ineffective breathing pattern related to disease condition

- Risk for impaired gas exchange related to inflammation of airways , alveoli

- Deficit knowledge related to disease condition

- Anxiety related to disease, fear of inability to manage the adverse effects of excaberation

4. Pneumoniae is the inflammation of the lung parenchyma caused by bacteria , virus ,fungi . It is of many types :-

- hospital acquired ( VAP)

- community acquired

- pneumoniae in immunocompromised patients

- aspiration pneumoniae

Sign and symptoms are :-

- fever with chills

- copious secretion

- productive cough

- pleurisy and pleuritic chest pain

- dysnea

- tachycardia

- orthopnea

- tachypnea

- headache

-rash ,myalgia

-central cyanosis

- hemoptysis

- anorexia

Treatment modalities are:-

- antibiotic therapy

- suctioning of secretion

- use of corticosteroid

- oxygen therapy

-increased fluid intake

- use antipyretic , bronchodilators, antihistamines,nasal decongestant

- respiratory support if needed like high flow oxygen ,intubation and ventilation

- pleural tapping for thoracentesis

Nursing interventions are:-

- assessing respiratory status

- encouraging hydration

-providing humidified oxygen

- providing chest physiotherapy and suctioning

- encouraging rest and avoiding exertion and allergy

- Providing semi fowler's position

- changing of position frequent to enhance clearance of secretion

- administration of antibiotics and antipyretic as advised

Nursing diagnosis :-

- Ineffective airway clearance related to copious secretion

- Risk for deficient fluid volume tales to fever and increase RR

- Activity intolerance related to impaired respiratory status

-Deficient knowledge about treatment regimen and prevention method

Related Questions

Navigate

• Browse (All)
• Browse S
• Subjects

---

---

Integrity-first tutoring: explanations and feedback only — we do not complete graded work. Learn more.