DNA Replication 1. What are the three parts of a nucleotide? 2. Fill in the comp
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Question
DNA Replication 1. What are the three parts of a nucleotide? 2. Fill in the complementary bases on the strand below according to the base-pair rule. Be sure to label the 5 and 3' ends of the complimentary strand AGCTTA Why is DNA replication called semi-conservative? 3. 4. The proportions of the bases are consistent within a species;, however, they do vary between species. Using the base-pair rules, complete the following table to show the percentage of each type of base in the 4 different species Organism Percentage of each type of base Adenine Guanine Cytosine Thymine 31 28 Human 19 Cow Wheat Yeast 31 19 5. Where does DNA replication begin? 6. Where does DNA replication end? 7. What is the result of DNA replication? 8. Circle the best answer. During DNA replication, bothlone strand (s) are template (s) for synthesis of new DNA. 9. Circle the best answer. The enzyme DNA polymerase/RVA polmeraselerimase synthesizes new strands of DNA.Explanation / Answer
1) The three parts of nucleotides include, the nitrogenous base, pentose sugar and phosphate group.
2) 5' A G C T T A 3'
According to the complementary base pairing in DNA Adenine base pairs with Thymine; Guanine base pairs with Cytosine.
3' T C G A A T 5'
3) In semiconservative mode of replication, the newly produced strand will contain one strand which is derived from the original strand and one new strand. In DNA replication in newly synthesized daughter DNA will have one strand from the mother strand and other is newly synthesized which is complementary to the mother strand.
4) By base complementary pairing of DNA Adenine pairs with Thymine and Cytosine pairs with Guanine. So the percentage of Adenine will be same as the percentage of Thymine and true for Guanine and Cytosine.
For wheat, the percentage of Thymine is given as 27%, so the percentage of Adenine also will be 27%. So 54% will be Adenine and Thymine and remaining 46% is Guanine and Cytosine. So percentage of Guanine and Cytosine 23 % each.
5) DNA replication starts at the origin of replication,from where replication proceed in bidirectional or monodirectional. Origin of replication will be AT (Adenine, Thymine) rich in most of the organisms. The origin of replication bindds to prereplication complex which unwinds the DNA and starts replication.
6) DNA replication ends at the telomerase, which compose of repetitive sequence which prevent the loss of sequence.
7) From one DNA molecule two daughter DNA strands will be produced. The newly sythesized DNA compose of one new strand and one strand that belongs to original.
8) During DNA replication both starnds will act as the template for replication.
9) The enzyme involved in DNA replication is DNA dependent DNA polymerase, which synthesize new strand by making DNA as template. It add nucleotides in 5'-3' direction and also perform proof reading and error correction.
10) DNA polymerase add the nucletides to the 3' end of the newly synthesizing strands and thus the replication proceed from 5' to 3' direction.
11) DNA replication proceeds in 5' to 3' direction as DNA polymerase act on 5' to 3' direction. So the template strand which has 3' to 5' polarity will replicate in a continuous manner and is called leading strand. In the template which has 5' to 3' (lagging strand) polarity DNA polymerase which is unable to proceed will make small fragments of nucleotides called Okazaki fragments.
Organism Adenine Guanine Cytosine Thymine Human 31 19 19 31 Cow 28 22 22 28 Wheat 27 23 23 27 Yeast 31 19 19 31Related Questions
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