29 **Only answer this question if you have experience in Epidemiology** 1. The a

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29 **Only answer this question if you have experience in Epidemiology**

1. The authors of a European-wide study defined heat wave days as days in the 90 percentile for the month in air and dew point temperature The authors found that during "heat wave days" from 1996 through 2004, a significant increase in total daily mortality was observed in all European cities. However, Mediterranean cities experiencing a greater heat wave-related percentage increase in mortality compared to northern cities.

What might account for the increased effect in Mediterranean cities?


2. During summer 2003, Europe experienced one of the worst heat wave events in recent history, with an estimated excess mortality varying between 25,000 and 70,000 deaths in Western Europe. The extreme heat of 2003 showed somewhat different results than the other years. In 2003, the effect of "heat wave" days was worse in northern cities.

What might explain the anomalous results in northern vs Mediterranean cities in 2003?

Explanation / Answer

1. Mediterranean cities are mainly at sea level and some, very close to the ocean. Because of this, the dew point is much higher. however, so are some European cities; also, the Mediterranean is near the equator and the average temp is higher than northern European cities. This allows for a much higher rate of occurrence of heat waves. 2. in many Northern European cities, the population density is extremely high. you have a lot of people packed into a small amount of space.With population rising every year the amount of people grows and grows. Because of this, you have much more people that will die in one area. the Mediterranean is not as densely packed and therefore the perceived death rate is lower.

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