The _____ need to be consumed in amounts greater than 100 mg per day. 2. Individ

Question

The _____ need to be consumed in amounts greater than 100 mg per day.

2. Individuals need to consume less than 20 mg of ______each day.

3. In general, molecules that do not contain carbon are classified as ____(Although there are exceptions, such as diamonds, which contain carbon.)

4. _______of minerals is the degree to which they are absorbed and used by the body.

5. Acids found in vegetables called ________ can reduce bioavailability of minerals.

6. Minerals are kept in tight control to maintain _____in the body.

7. Like vitamins, minerals act as ______n several enzymatic reactions.

8. _______ crystals make up about 60giving strength and hardness to bones and teeth.

9. During _______hydroxyapatite crystals attach to the collagen matrix in bone.

Word bank:

bioavailability

inorganic

trace minerals

mineralization

cofactors

oxalates

major minerals

hydroxyapatite

homeostasis

Explanation / Answer

The major minerals need to be consumed in amounts greater than 100 mg per day.

Individuals need to consume less than 20 mg of trace elements each day.

In general, molecules that do not contain carbon are classified as inorganic molecules (Although there are exceptions, such as diamonds, which contain carbon.)

Minerals are kept in tight control to maintain homeostasis in the body.

Like vitamins, minerals act as cofactors in several enzymatic reactions.

Major minerals: Minerals are naturally occurring inorganic substances. Minerals that benefit human health are regarded as dietary elements. There are seven major minerals namely calcium, chloride, magnesium, potassium, phosphorous, sodium, and Sulphur.

Trace elements: Trace elements are micro-nutrients which are required in minute quantities. They exist usually as a part of a vital element. The essential trace elements are iron, copper, zinc, iodine, cobalt, manganese, selenium, fluoride, chromium, fluoride, and molybdenum.

Inorganic molecules: Inorganic molecules are the molecules that do not contain carbon. Inorganic molecules do not contain carbon and hydrogen bonded together.

Bioavailability: It is defined as the degree to which nutrients are available for absorption by the body.

Oxalates: Oxalic acid is an organic acid found in dark leafy vegetables. Oxalates interfere with the absorption of minerals and thus reduce the bioavailability.

Homeostasis: It is defined as the regulation and maintenance of a stable interval environment of the body. Many factors such as hormones, minerals, metabolic rates etc. influence homeostasis. If our food lacks specific minerals, then the cells in the body will function poorly leading to diseases.

Cofactors: These are organic or inorganic compounds that catalyze specific enzyme catalysis reactions. Minerals such as Magnesium, Sulphur, Copper etc. acts as cofactors in several processes.

Hydroxyapatite: Hydroxyapatite also known as hydroxylapatite is a naturally occurring mineral form of calcium. This is found in teeth and bones and hydroxyapatite makes upto 50% by volume and 70% by weight.

Mineralization: Osteoblasts produce hydroxyapatite and the organic matrix becomes strong and dense to mineralization by the hydroxyapatite.

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