The responsibilities at the various levels of public health are numerous. Given
ID: 122937 • Letter: T
Question
The responsibilities at the various levels of public health are numerous.Given this fact,has appropriate attention been paid to the funding and organizational of the verious health departments and agencies? The responsibilities at the various levels of public health are numerous.
Given this fact,has appropriate attention been paid to the funding and organizational of the verious health departments and agencies?
Given this fact,has appropriate attention been paid to the funding and organizational of the verious health departments and agencies?
Explanation / Answer
Public funding is the money that comes from public revenues at the federal, state, and local levels and it can provide resources necessary for improving the public's health. The data shows that public funding in the past has concentrated on programs intended to deal with specific problems some of which have been very successful.
The federal NII initiative can provide the public health community with an opportunity to obtain funding for projects that apply NII technology to population health. However, while it is encouraging that a small number of public health applications have been funded through broad-based NII grants sponsored by the federal interagency. High Performance Computing and Communications program, the Department of Commerce, and the Department of Agriculture, public health participation in these programs has been modest at best. Thus far, the bulk of federal support for population-based health applications has come from U.S. Public Health Service (PHS) programs specifically targeted to the public health community.
The assigned duties of Federal agencies are developing the research base for providing education, helping schools develop infrastructure, faculty development; and funding for students. The main funding agencies are the National Institutes of Health (NIH), the Health Resources and Services Administration (HRSA), CDC, the Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration (SAMHSA), and the Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality (AHRQ), and their predecessors. They are located within the Department of Health and Human Services (DHHS).
HRSA has funded about fourteen centers for public health training, supporting school of public health-based efforts to fill the gap between practice and academics.
Still the funding available to provide meaningful practice experiences in both education and research is very limited. Therefore creation of grants at NIH to support new biomedical and clinical researchers should be explored. Grants like institutional grants (e.g., the NIH T32 model), for the development or enhancement of research training in a specific area of study by funding predoctoral, postdoctoral, and short term research training should be increased.
Research in the field of health can be supported through individual grants (e.g., the NIH K01 model), given to an experienced individual for 3-5 years of mentored research in a new area or using new research methods.
Public health teaching, research, and infrastructure support were well funded during the 1960s and 1970s. Major reductions in funding occurred during the 1980s, with little or no improvement during the 1990s. Meanwhile tuition and other costs increased substantially, with the result that a reduction occurred in the amount of public health professional education actually provided.
Federal support for non-physician graduate-level public health training is minimal. Funding for residencies in preventive medicine is less than 1 percent of the overall federal investment in health professions training (about $1 million of the $300 million). There is clear evidence of a decline in the number of M.D.s conducting research and enormous opportunities exist for more broadly trained investigators.
The growing interest of federal government in public health and funding could renew the public health infrastructure and workforce. Such funding is crucial to developing the educational and research infrastructure.
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