1. Discuss the mechanisms of peritoneal dialysis (PD) and hemodialysis (HD) as r
ID: 122724 • Letter: 1
Question
1. Discuss the mechanisms of peritoneal dialysis (PD) and hemodialysis (HD) as renal replacement therapies.2. Compare the advantages and disadvantages of the types of dialysis as they affect the patient's quality of life. 1. Discuss the mechanisms of peritoneal dialysis (PD) and hemodialysis (HD) as renal replacement therapies.
2. Compare the advantages and disadvantages of the types of dialysis as they affect the patient's quality of life.
2. Compare the advantages and disadvantages of the types of dialysis as they affect the patient's quality of life.
Explanation / Answer
1. The function of the kidney is to filter waste products from the blood. Dialysis is a procedure that is a substitute of the work done by the kidneys. It helps in performing the functions of failed kidneys.
Peritoneal Dialysis (PD) use the patients own blood tissues inside their belly (abdominal cavity) to act as the filter. the abdominal cavity is lined with a special membrane called peritoneal membrane which acts a filter between fluid sent from the catheter and the blood stream. A plastic tube called peritoneal dialysis catheter is placed through the abdominal wall into the abdominal cavity and a special fluid is flushed into the abdominal cavity which washes around the intestines. By using different types of solutions, waste products and excess water can be removed from the body through this process.
Hemodialysis (HD) uses a special filter to remove excess waste products and water from the body. During this procedure the blood passes through a filter in the dialysis machine called as dialysis membrane. in this procedure, the patient has a specialized plastic tube placed between the artery and vein in the arm or leg called as gortex graft, sometimes a direct connection is made between the artery and vein in the arm is known as cimino fistula. Needles are placed in the fistula or graft and the blood passes through the dialysis machine, through a filter and back to the patient. if the patient require dialysis a large diameter of catheter is placed in the neck or leg in order to perform dialysis. In the dialysis machine a solution on the other side of the filter receives waste products from the patient.
2. Each of the two types of dialysis, hemodialysis and peritoneal dialysis, has both advantages and disadvantages, it is up to the patient and the kidney doctor to decide which of these procedures is best by the life style of the patient , other medical conditions, support systems, and responsibility of the patient in the treatment program he desires. Regardless of type od dialysis chosen, patients have certain responsibilities such as following diet, watching their fluid intake, taking vitamins and medications to control blood pressure.
For patients, the major advantages of HD is minimal participation on the treatment. HD requires strict diet control and fluid control than PD. patients are require to adhere to a specific schedule and travel to the dialysis unit three times a week. For patients who prefer independence, PD is flexible and can be performed at home. The patients must undergo a certain amount of dialysis each day but can alter the exact timings of dialysis procedure.
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