1. Which one of the following statements comparing developed and developing coun
ID: 1208950 • Letter: 1
Question
1. Which one of the following statements comparing developed and developing countries is false? 1) Developed countries are more able to afford environmental protection systems 2) Developing countries are more subject to technological lock-in 3) Developed countries have more capital stock 4) Developing countries have greater need of economic development 5) Developing countries may have greater choice about development paths 2. The definition that sustainable development “meets the needs of the present without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs” was presented by 1) The World Bank 2) The International Monetary Fund 3) The World Commission on Environment and Development 4) The Global Environmental Facility 5) The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency 3.Which of the following statements is true? 1) The U.S. has the world’s highest total energy consumption 2) China’s per capita energy use is about 50% of U.S. per capita use 3) China’s total energy use is about 50% of U.S. total energy use 4) India’s total energy consumption is now equal to China’s 5) China’s per capita energy use is less than 25% of U.S. per capita energy use 4. Which one of the following organizations does not promote economic development? 1) World Trade Organization 2) International Monetary Fund 3) World Bank 4) Global Environmental Facility 5) Environmental Protection Agency 5. The package of conditions linked to loans to developing countries to promote market-oriented economic reform is called ... 1) Structural adjustment 2) Throughput 3) Dematerialization 4) Entropy 5) Technological lock-in 6. Which one of the following is not a negative environmental effect of structural adjustment? 1) Increased consumption of resources 2) Greater pollution pressures 3) Reduced subsidies lead to increased rates of pesticide use 4) Reduction in natural capital stocks 5) Weakening of environmental institutional capacity 7. Which one of the following statements best describes the World Bank’s environmental record? 1) The World Bank has always taken leadership in protecting the environment 2) The World Bank considers that the environment is not relevant to its development mission 3) The World Bank has ignored critics of its environmental polices 4) The World Bank has responded to criticism by expanding its environmental lending 5) The World Bank has recently been renamed as the World Trade Organization to more accurately reflect its mission 8. Which one of the following statements is false? 1) The World Bank currently screens all projects for potential environmental impacts 2) World Bank loans are often coupled with grants from other organizations 3) World Bank funding for environmental projects has steadily increased since 1994 4) World Bank projects include both a “brown” and a “green” agenda 5) World Bank loans must eventually be repaid 9. Which of the following was created in 1990 to provide grants for global environmental projects? 1) World Trade Organization 2) World Bank 3) International Monetary Fund 4) Global Environmental Facility 5) United Nations Development Program 10. Which one of the following statements about the Global Environmental Facility is false? 1) A principle of the GEF is that the incremental costs of environmental protection should be borne by the global community 2) The GEF provides grants rather than loans 3) Pairing GEF grants with World Bank loans can risk increasing resource exploitation 4) GEF funding includes projects related to climate change and biodiversity loss 5) The GEF is administered by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency 11. What principle states that natural systems should remain intact whenever possible? 1) Weak sustainability 2) Strong sustainability 3) Logistic growth 4) Exponential growth 5) Technological lock-in 12. The historical growth of a steady-state economy would appear on a graph as... 1) Linear growth 2) Logistic growth 3) Exponential growth 4) Exponential decline 5) Logistic decline 13. The concept of a steady-state economy would involve all of the following except… 1) Limits on material consumption 2) Meeting basic needs such as food, housing, and medical care 3) Growth in services, arts, communications, and education 4) Compulsory population control 5) Maintenance of ecosystem functions 14. The standard view of economic growth supports which type of growth pattern? 1) Logistic 2) Linear 3) Quadratic 4) Exponential 5) Bell-shaped 15. Which one of the following policies would not promote sustainable development? 1) Green taxes 2) Application of industrial ecology 3) Increasing agricultural subsidies 4) Accelerating development of renewable energy 5) Increased efficiency in transportation
Explanation / Answer
Answer 1:
Option 5. They have less choices about development paths as compared to developed nations.
Answer 2:
Option 3.
Answer 3: Option 5
Answer 4: Option 4
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