For questions 26 through 32 please refer to the NW – SE cross section A – A’ acr

Question

For questions 26 through 32 please refer to the NW – SE cross section A – A’ across Essos (Figure 5):

https://drive.google.com/file/d/17IBP9PEFoF4gdXbF_imvwwf7H194VAEG/view?usp=drivesdk

Questions 26 through 32: Multiple Choice: Mark the best answer for each question.
26. Which rock type is the oldest in the cross section A – A’?
a. granite
b. gneiss
c. basalt
d. fractured sandstone
e. dolomite
27. What relationship best supports your answer to question 26?
a. cross-cutting relationship
b. principle of inclusion
c. principle of stratigraphic superposition
d. principle of original continuity
e. principle of original horizontality
28. Which rock type is the youngest in this cross section?
a. gneiss
b. granite
c. basalt
d. fractured sandstone
e. dolomite
29. The youngest sedimentary unit in the “tilted sequence” beneath the Dolomite?
a. massive sandstone.
b. conglomerate.
c. fractured sandstone.
d. the upper breccia unit.
e. the lower breccia unit.
30. A fault cuts the cross-section dipping to the northwest. What type of fault is this?
a. a right-lateral strike-slip fault
b. a left-lateral strike-slip fault
c. a normal fault
d. a reverse (thrust) fault
31. What is the age of the fault relative to the age of the granite?
a. the granite is younger than the fault
b. the granite is older than the fault
c. the fault and the granite intrusion are the same age
d. there is no way to tell the age relationships from the cross-section
32. The contact between the granite and the tilted sequence is a(n):
a. nonconformity.
b. angular unconformity.
c. disconformity.
d. intrusive contact.
e. fault (tectonic) contact.

Explanation / Answer

26. Gneiss is the oldest cross if we consider the cross section. It is the the lowermost strata among all.

27.Principle of Stratigraphic continuity states that in case of any undeformed sequence the oldest strata will be the lowest strata.

28. Being at the topmost, the basalt is the youngest layer.

29. Below the dolomite, the massive sandstone tops the tilted sequence and thus it is the youngest.

30. It is a normal fault. Here one side of the fault drops down relative to the other side.

31.The granite is younger than the fault. Because it stays unaffected after the fault.

32. The contact between granite and tilted sequence is an intrusive contact. Here granite had intruded between the tilted layer.

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