43. In a stream, where would you most likely find a cut bank a. On the point bar

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43. In a stream, where would you most likely find a cut bank a. On the point bar b. (erosional surface)? The outside meander bend The inside meander bend The central portion of the stream c. d. 4. What type of drainage basin ia pictured to the right? A Trellis B. Rectangular C. Dendritic D Radial 45 Well A has a hydraulic head of 18 meters. Wel 8 has a hydraulic head of 14 meters. Which one will produce a greater amount of pressure? a. Well A b. Well c. They are equivalent with respect to pressure d. Hydraulic head has nothing to do 46. A rock's ability to transmit fuid is referred to as b. Porosity c. Capillary fringe d Water table 9 47. The law of superposition states that a. True b. Faise states that voicanic rocks are always younger than the rocks around them. 48. A rock layer that slows the fow of water between aquifers is called a. An aquiclude b. An aquifer c. An impermeable layer d. An aquitard 49. The largest mass extinction was a. The Great Devonian extinction b. The Cretaceous-Tertiary extinction, 65 million years ago c. The Permian-Triassic extinction, 250 million years ago d The current extinction that man is causing 50. Referring to the three stream profies, which one will have the greatest velocity? a. A d. They will all have the same velocity 51. How long did you study for this test? What grade do you think you should get on this exam? (1 point) 52. A basalt sample is radiometrically dated and found to have 660 unstable (parent) isotopes and 4620 stable Essay questions (25 points total) 53. List three things that can trigger a landslide (3 poins) 54. What are the top three contaminants in groundwater? (3 points) 55. List three fossils found in California. (3 points) For an extra point, draw one of them (+1) 56. Relative age. Answer the following questions using the relationships depicted in the rock exposure on the (daughter) isotopes. The haif-life of this isotope is 12 milion years. How old is the sample? (4 points) ollowing page (Diagram A). For each answer, name the stratigraphic principle that you used to arrive at your answer. (6 points total) a. What feature is oldest? Which principle? (2 points) b. Is the basalt dike older or younger than the shale formation? Which principle? (2 points) c What feature is the youngest? Which principle? (2 points) you know about relative age dating and the geologic time scale, is this date accurate? THINKII Explain your answer. (3 points) 57. Referring to Diagram A, a sample of the basalt dike was dated to be 22.5 million years old. Knowing what

Explanation / Answer

43. (a) Cut bank are found on point bars where the depth and velocity of the water on the outer bank increase so do the competence and capacity.

44. (c) Dendritic drainage patterns are most common. They develop on a land surface where the underlying rock is of uniform resistance to erosion.

46. (b) Porosity, the percentage of rock or sediment that consists of voids or openings, is a measurement of a rocks ability to hold water. Sandstone, conglomerate, and many limestones have high porosity and can hold a considerate amount of water. Sand-30% to 50% porosity. Sandstone- may have porosity of 5 percent or less. Crystalline rocks(granite, schist, and some limestones) dont have pores but may hold some water in fractures.

47. (a) Yes, because it comes from beneath and is injected into pre-existing rocks as a melt.

when a magma chamber is affected by pressure, this causes the melt to squeeze out along invading fractures in existing rocks (which are called country rocks}. It's an injection process and then crystallization occurs due to the cooling of the magma.

the previous type of intrusions which cut across any layers or bedding planes are called dykes. They may also be parallel to bedding in sedimentary rocks , in which case they are called called sills.

shape and size of intrusions depends on the viscosity which reflects silica content of the melt.

if the intrusion is shallow, the rock is sub-volcanic to volcanic,
if it is deep, the rock is plutonic.

wall alteration above and below the intrusion and inclusions is the most important evidence.

49 (c) - Permian–Triassic extinction event (End Permian): 252 Ma at the Permian–Triassic transition. Earth's largest extinction killed 57% of all families, 83% of all genera and 90% to 96% of all species (53% of marine families, 84% of marine genera, about 96% of all marine species and an estimated 70% of land species, including insects). The highly successful marine arthropod, the trilobitebecame extinct. The evidence regarding plants is less clear, but new taxa became dominant after the extinction. The "Great Dying" had enormous evolutionary significance: on land, it ended the primacy of mammal-like reptiles. The recovery of vertebrates took 30 million years, but the vacant niches created the opportunity for archosaurs to become ascendant. In the seas, the percentage of animals that were sessile dropped from 67% to 50%. The whole late Permian was a difficult time for at least marine life, even before the "Great Dying".

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