1. The figure below shows the global temperature anomaly in °C from 1850 to 2012
ID: 116884 • Letter: 1
Question
1. The figure below shows the global temperature anomaly in °C from 1850 to 2012, relative to the 1961-1990 average temperature, determined from 3 different global temperature datasets. Uncertainty in the Hadley Center Met Office and Climate Research Unit results is shown as grey shading. Based on the figure, how has the temperature changed overall from 1950 to 2012? Global average temperature anomaly (1850-2012)
a. Increased. b. Decreased. c. Stayed the same.
2. The temperature trend shown in the figure in question 1 has been constant throughout the period.
True False
3. Select 2 of the following major factors identified in class that can result in short term variability in atmospheric temperature.
a. Increased greenhouse gases. b. Loss of sea ice. c. Increase of ocean pH. d. Volcanic eruptions. e. Decadal and interannual variability produced by atmosphere-ocean oscillations
4. The uncertainty in the global average temperature is represented by the grey shading in the figure in question 1. Considering this uncertainty, is the following statement true or false? The change in temperature between about 1970 and 2012 is not significant. [Hint: if the error bars on the measurements (represented here by grey shading) being compared overlap, the change is not significant.]
True False
5. The figure below shows the global probability distribution for daily minimum temperature (panel a) and daily maximum temperature (panel b) for two intervals: from 1951-1980 (blue curve) and 1981-2010 (red curve). Theseprobability distributions show the probability of daily minimum or maximum temperature anomalies (shown on the y axis) reaching a specific anomaly (shown on the x axis). In panel (a), how has the probability distribution for daily minimum temperature for 1981-2010 (red) changed from that for the 1951-1980 period (blue). Global probability distribution for daily minimum and maximum temperatures
a. For the 1981-2010 period the probability distribution has shifted toward warmer anomalies compared to the probability distribution for 1951-1980 period. b. For the 1981-2010 period the probability distribution has shifted toward colder anomalies compared to the probability distribution for 1951-1980 period. c. For the 1981-2010 period the probability distribution looks the same as it does for the probability distribution for 1951-1980 period. d. For the 1981-2010 period the probability distribution has a higher peak than it does for the probability distribution for 1951-1980 period.
6. In panel (b) of the figure in question 5, how has the probability distribution for the daily maximum temperature for the 1981 -2010 period (red) changed from that fro the 1951-1980 period (blue)?
a. For the 1981-2010 period the probability distribution has shifted toward colder anomalies compared to the probability distribution for 1951-1980 period. b. For the 1981-2010 period the probability distribution has shifted toward warmer anomalies compared to the probability distribution for 1951-1980 period. c. For the 1981-2010 period the probability distribution has a higher peak than the probability distribution for 1951-1980 period. d. For the 1981-2010 period the probability distribution looks the same as it does for 1951-1980 period.
7. Using your answers from questions 5 and 6, what do the changes in these curves mean in terms of daily minimum and daily maximum temperatures?
a. A shift of the daily minimum and maximum temperature probability distributions toward cooler temperatures means that cool temperature anomalies are more likely to occur, whole warm temperature anomalies are less likely to occur. b. A shift of the daily minimum temperature probability distribution toward warmer temperatures means that warmer minimum temperatures are likely to occur while a shift of the daily maximum temperatureprobability distribution toward cooler temperatures means that cooler maximum temperatures are likely to occur. c. A shift of the daily minimum and maximum temperature probability distributions toward warmer temperatures means that warm temperature anomalies are more likely to occur, whole cool temperature anomalies are less likely to occur. d. A shift of the daily minimum temperature probability distribution toward cooler temperatures means that cooler minimum temperatures are likely to occur while a shift of the daily maximum temperature probability distribution toward warmer temperatures means that warmer maximum temperatures are likely to occur.
Explanation / Answer
1. we having two figures of global temperature from 1850 to 2012 and 1961 to 1990. we can see that from 1850 to 1960 , global temperature increased slightly but from 1960 to 2000 its increased rapidly. if we consider this temperature whole change equal to 1 then we can say that temperature increased to .25 in 1850 to 1950 and from .25 to 1 , it increased in 1950 to 2000.
there is another question , Global average temperature anomaly (1850-2012), according to the graph we can undoubtadley can say that temperature is increased in this time period. so the right option is A. increased.
2. we can see that in the figure temperature increasing continuouslt under the effect of anthropogenic effects and some natural causes. so the answer of this option is B) false
3. global temperature increased under the effect of anthropogenic activities like deforestation, pollution, and green house gas production and other natural agents cause like volcanic eruption and atmospheric causes. here we can consider two mainly reasons which are more responsible for this temperature increase then others. first one is, greenhouse gases. we know that about greenhouse gases, which gases are capable to store solar radiation in it for a long time is called GHG like methane, CO2 , carbon mono oxide etc.
another reason i9s volcanic eruption in 20th century decades, two major volcanic eruptions occurs which are mount pinatubo in 1991 and mount agung in 1963, these volcanic eruption having large effect onm the global temperature.
4.. this statement is false because change in temperature between 1970 to 2012 is significant, because global temperature is increased rapidly in this time period , in this time period , increased temperature was 3 times of previous 100 years increased global temperature. so this ststement is false.
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