The Lancet, a leading medical journal, published a paper on a possible link betw

Question

The Lancet, a leading medical journal, published a paper on a possible link between autism in children and the measles, mumps, rubella (MMR) vaccine. Following this, the number of MMR vaccinations fell and the incidence of mumps increased. Examine each of the following statements carefully. Which of these statements, if true, would help you conclude that there is indeed a cause-and-effect relationship between the vaccine and autism in children? (Check all that apply) A. The study included a large number of children who had been immunized against MMR and showed signs of autism. B. Other studies on the same issue suggest that the results are inconclusive. C. D. The survey was conducted on a large group whose members were randomly selected. The MMR vaccine contains thimerosal, a preservative that is known to increase the risk of autism.

Explanation / Answer

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Option A: This option is correct. This statement clearly shows that there is a direct correlation between Autism and MMR because the study was done on a large number of children who were immunized with MMR and Showed sign of Autism. Had the research been carried on other group of people the result will not be appropriate.

Option B: This option is incorrect. Other studies do not have directly co-relation with this study as this is a non-inclusive study and is not affected by other studies. Other studies may or may not have the same subject of research or the hypothesis of other studies might not be relevant for this study.

Option C: This option is incorrect. If we select the random group then it would be difficult to highlight the similarities between the MMR and Autism because the group will not highlight the co-relation between these two. If we need to do a research e need to have the group, which show the signs of MMR or autism.

Option D: Presence of one element cannot determine the disease being caused by the MMR. If until we have a proof that this element is strictly causing the Autism we cannot say that MMR is the reason for that. Hence this option is not selected.

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