22. which statement is an accurate interpretation of the outcome in an ecosystem

Question

22. which statement is an accurate interpretation of the outcome in an ecosystem when a major predator is removed
a. the remaining community adjusts and quickly becomes stable.
b. the diversity of the ecosystem actually increases
c. the diversity of the ecosystem decreases since there is an increase in competition
d. the diversity of the ecosystem decreases because parasites become more of a problem
e. the diversity of the ecosystem decreases because new herbivores move in

23. alligators excavate holes in the bottom of bodies of water, During times of severe drought these holes act as refugia for various aquatic organisms that might perish if there were no water available. Thus, alligators in this system can be classified as a
a. keystone species
b. symbiotic species
c. sympatric species
d. allopatric species
e. refugistic species

24. succession happens because species in the habitat after that habitat in ways that assist other species, there are three dynamic concepts that are of critical importance for succession to take place. They are
a. facilitation, inhabitation, and tolerance
b. symbiotic relationships, facilitation, and aposematic coloration
c. mimicry coevolution, and competitive exclusion
d. competition, climax , communities , and tolerance
e. competition, inhabitation, and coevolution

25. secondary succession takes place in all of the following except
a. an abandoned agricultural field.
b. an area burnt off by a fire
c. an area exposed by a melting glacier.
d. an abandoned landfill
e. a pile of cow manure ( cow flop)

37. ___ is defined as the total amount of energy fixed per unit of time minus the amount of energy expended by the metabolic activities of the photosynthetic organisms in the community
a. net primary productivity
b. Gross primary productivity
c. carrying capacity
d. net metabolism

40. except for nitrogen, _____ is the element most likely to be present in amounts so small as to limit the growth of plants
a. phosphorus
b. potassium
c. sulfur
d. magnesium

41. photosynthesis fixes about
a. 0.1 % of the co2 present in the atmosphere
b. 1% of the co2 resent in the atmosphere
c. 10% of the co2 present in the atmosphere
d. 20% of the co2 present in the atmosphere
e. almost 100% of the co2 present in the atmosphere

43. organisms that break down organic matter are called
a. detritivores
b. omnivores
c. herbivores
d. carnivores

44. all of the following are trye about ecosystems except
a. they contain both living and nonliving components
b. there is a transfer of energy through the system and it is lost.
c. there is a cycling of nutrients through the system again and again
d. the ultimate source of energy is the sun for nearly all known ecosystems
e. they represent the lowest level of biological organization that is known

46. The fraction of earth’s surface covered by oceans is about
a. 1/10
b. ¼
c. 1/3
d. ½
e. ¾

47. over tropical rainforest areas, approximately 90% of the water that reaches the atmosphere comes from
a. animal metabolism
b. animal perspiration
c. plant transpiration
d. plant absorption
e. plant metabolism

50. even through nitrogen constitutes 78% of eaths atmosphere the amount available for living things nearly all comes form
a. a few groups of nitrogen fixing bacteria
b. the breakdown of minerals
c. a few genera of detritivores
d. the breakdown of dead plants
e. nitrogen containing fertilizers

51. with almost no exceptions, the nitrogen fixers are
a. breans
b. green plants
c. insects
d. mammals
e. prokaryotes

52. which of the following contain no species that are autotrophs
a. bacteria
b. protista
c.plants
d. archaea
e. fungi

55. a good average value for the amount of organic matter that reaches the next trophic level is about
a. 20%
b. 10%
c. 5%
d. 2&
e. 1%


57. in an ecosystem which statement reflects that relationship with energy and nutrients
a. energy cycles and nutrients also cycle in a balanced ecosystem
b. energy flows and nutrients cycle in an ecosystem
c. energy cycle and nutrients flow in an ecosystem
d. energy flows and nutrients flow through an ecosystem
e. in an unbalanced ecosystem nutrients are stored in energy cycles

60. in a pond ecosystem a crayfish feeds on three species of algae it in turn preyed on by one species of fish and a heron the heron also preys upon the fish. What is the minimum number of food chains in this food web?
a.2
b. 3
c. 4
d. 5
e. 6

Explanation / Answer

22-c, 23-E, 24-A, 25-C, 37-B, 40-A, 41-A, 43-A, 44-B, 46-E, 47-D, 50-C, 51-A, 52-C, 55-D, 57-A, 60-E

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