2. Using the same letter codes for the sedimentary rock type names... A (for Lim

Question

2. Using the same letter codes for the sedimentary rock type names... A (for Limestone): B (for Sandstone): C (for Shale): D (for Arkose): E (for Conglomerate): F (for Breccia) G (for Chalk): H (for non-biogenic Chert), I (for Silestone): J(for Greywacke) a. Name one distinctively colored sedimentary rock type whose accumulation marks initial rifting, continental breakup and beginning of the Wilson Cycle? b. Identify one sedimentary rock type that can possibly accumulate in the seafloor spreading ridge area in the middle of the ocean, a site that is so far it receives no transported sediment from the continental edges, is too deep for reefs and is too young for any planktonic accumulation? c. Name one sedimentary rock type that is found to uniquely characterize the active continental margin sedimentary environment of the deep sea trench? 3. Of the common sedimentary rock types... A (for Limestone): B (for Sandstone): C (for Shale): D (for Arkose): E (for Conglomerate): F (for Breccia) G (for Chalk): H (for non-biogenic Chert): I (for Siltstone): J (for Greywacke). what specific sedimentary rock type would develop from active sedimentation in the following areas a.) East African Rift, East Africa ____ b.) Sahara Desert, Africa ____ c.) Marianas Trench, Pacific ____ d.) New Jersey Shoreline ____ e.) Below collapsed NH Old Man Mt. ____ f.) High White Mountain Rivers, NH ____ g.) Great Barrier Reef, off Australia ____ h.) Central Gulf of Maine ____ 4. Of the important sedimentary minerals A (for Quartz): B (for Calcite): C (for Kaolinite): D (for Halite): E (for Gypsum): F (for Hematite) a. Which mineral is the principal component of mature sandstone from the passive margin beach environment? b. Which mineral is the principal component of the finest grained mature muds/shales in the offshore environment but ultimately derived from the decay of feldspar during river transport? c. Which mineral is the principal component of limestones that have been derived from the accumulation of coral reef debris? d. Identify one mineral that dominates in the restricted salt water evaporite sedimentary environments? e. Which mineral serves as the distinctly-colored cement for the arkosic sandstones and conglomerates?

Explanation / Answer

2.

a- D

Since arkose consist of mostly feldspar, and continental crust mostly consist of feldspar. So during initial rift more weathering in continental crust take place.

b- H

Chert can be formed by the presents of siliceous minerals deep inside ocean. Siliceous minerals minerals get dissolved in ocean water. Also another property of siliceous minerals are , they dissolve faster in warm water. Less in cold water. So they get mostly deposited in deep sea

c- C

Trenches are very long elongated cavity seen in ocean. It is a large sink for seddiment deposits. Different analysis shows that clay will be presented in these deep trenches and lithification of cllay form shale.

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