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1) Calculate the pH of a buffer solution which is 0.36 M in HNO 2 and 0.39 M in

ID: 1089282 • Letter: 1

Question

1) Calculate the pH of a buffer solution which is 0.36 M in HNO2 and 0.39 M in NaNO2.
Ka of HNO2 = 4.6x10-4 at 25oC

2) An acetic acid/sodium acetate buffer is made that is 0.45 M in acetic acid and 0.45 M in sodium acetate. Calculate the pH after 0.036 mol of KOH is added to 1.0 L of the buffer. (Assume no volume change.)

3) Which of the following buffer solutions will be the best buffer for a pH of 5.0?

0.25 M HCN and 0.25 M KCN

0.25 M HC2H3O2 and 0.25 M NaC2H3O2

0.25 M HClO2 and 0.25 M KClO2

0.25 M HOCl and 0.25 M NaOCl

a.

0.25 M HCN and 0.25 M KCN

b.

0.25 M HC2H3O2 and 0.25 M NaC2H3O2

c.

0.25 M HClO2 and 0.25 M KClO2

d.

0.25 M HOCl and 0.25 M NaOCl

Explanation / Answer

1)

Answer

pH = 3.37

Explanation

According to Henderson- Hasselbalch equation

pH = pKa + log([A-] /[HA])

[A-] = [NO2-] = 0.39M

[HA] = [HNO2] = 0.36M

Ka = 4.6×10-4

pKa = - log(Ka) = - log(4.6×10-4) = 3.34

substituting the values

pH = 3.34 + log(0.39M/0.36M)

= 3.34 + 0.03

= 3.37

2)

Answer

pH = 4.82

Explanation

No of mole of Acetic acid = 0.45mol

No of mole of sodium acetate = 0.45mol

No of mole of HCl added = 0.036mol

KOH react with Acetic acid

OH- + CH3COOH - - - - - > CH3COO- + H2O

stoichiometrically, 1mole of OH- react with 1mole of CH3COOH to produce 1mole of CH3COO-

0.036 mole of OH- react with 0.036 mole of CH3COOH to produce 0.036 mole of CH3COO-

After addition

No of mole of CH3COOH = 0.45 - 0.036 =0.414

No of mole of CH3COOH = 0.45 + 0.036 = 0.486

Volume = 1L

[CH3COOH] = 0.414M

[CH3COO-] = 0.486M

Applying Henderson- Hasselbalch equation

pH = 4.75 + log(0.486/0.414)

= 4.75 + 0.07

= 4.82

3)

Answer

0.25 HC2H3O2 and 0.25M NaC2H3O2

Explanation

pKa value of acetic acid is 4.75 which is close to the target pH 5.So, b is the answer.