Explain why longer carbon chains increase retention time in Gas Chromatography a

Question

Explain why longer carbon chains increase retention time in Gas Chromatography and why the presence of double bonds (unsaturated carbon chain) cause retention times to slightly decrease

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Explanation / Answer

Retention in GC depended on all kind of interaction between Polar and Non Polar interactions. Alkanes have longer Carbon chains and known as Saturated Hydrocarbon. Long chain of carbon atoms contain the large molecules, the dispersive force increases and retention is higher because of large mass and more electrons. Saturated hydrocarbons only interacted through dispersive forces and hence the retetion time increased.

Presence of unsaturated carbons may have polar functional groups and there is possibility of Polar interactions but alkane dont interact with Polar groups. Hence presence of double bonds (unsaturated carbon chain) cause retention times to slightly deacrese.

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