I am doing a 17 bottle unknown project in class and I am curious about ammonia.

Question

I am doing a 17 bottle unknown project in class and I am curious about ammonia. The cation-anion list is below. I think that since bottle 13 smells like ammonia that the cation is obviously NH4+ but the only anion that can cause dissociation to ammonia gas is hydroxide (OH-) correct?

Aluminum............ Al3+                                               Acetate................. C2H3O2-

Ammonium.......... NH4+                                              Carbonate............. CO32-

Barium.................. Ba2+ Chloride................ Cl-

Calcium.................Ca2+ Hydroxide............ OH-

Cobalt (II)............. Co2+                       Iodide................... I-

Copper (II)........... Cu2+ Nitrate.................. NO3-

Hydronium........... H3O+ Sulfate.................. SO42-

Lead (II)............... Pb2+ Thiocyanate..........      SCN-

Lithium................. Li+

Iron (III)............... Fe3+

Magnesium........... Mg2+

Nickel (II)............. Ni2+

Potassium............. K+

Silver.................... Ag+

Sodium................. Na+

Strontium............. Sr2+

Explanation / Answer

Anions are OH- and CO3-.

Kb of carbonate ion is more than Kb of NH3.

so carbonate (CO3-) ion also react with NH4+ to form NH3.

reactions are

NH4+ + OH-........> NH3 + H2O

2 NH4+ + CO3-................> NH3 + CO2 + H2O

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