PH and Buffers in the Blood Take Home Assignment BACKGROUND Background discussio
ID: 103121 • Letter: P
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PH and Buffers in the Blood Take Home Assignment BACKGROUND Background discussion for this assignment is described in the Developmental Chemistry textbook, pages 488-489. A description of the partial pressure of gases is found on page 3 Human arterial blood has a normal pH of 7.35-7.45. If changes in H3O* lower the pH below or raise it above 8.0, cells cannot function properly and death may result. In our cells, CO2 i continually produced as an end product of cellular metabolism. Some CO2 is carried to the lungs for elimination, and the rest dissolves in body fluids such as blood plasma and saliva, forming carbonic acid. As a weak acid, carbonic acid (H2CO3) dissociates to form bicarbona on (HCOs) and hydronium ion (H30). More of the HCO3 ion is supplied by the pancreas a kidneys to provide an important buffer system in the body fluid: The H2CO3/HCO3 Buffer As acids and bases are pumped from cells into the bloodstream as a result of normal activit the blood's buffer systems shift to effectively maintain a healthy pH. The lungs can alter the of which they expel CO2 from the body by breathing, and the kidneys can alter the rate they remove bicarbonate ion from the bloodstream. In the body, the concentration of carbonic acid is closely associated with the partial pressu CO2. The table below lists the normal values for arterial blood. NORMAL VALUES FOR ARTERIAL BLOOD value Acidit Partial pressure of CO2 Carbonic acid Bicarbonate ion Pco2 H2CO3 HCO 7.3 7.5 40 mm Hg 2.4 mmo/L of plasma 24 mmoVL of plasma If the CO2 level rises, producing more H-Co, the buffer system produces more Ha0 lowers the pH Acidosis equilibrium shifts right COz + H2O H2CO3 H30' + HC03, velopmental ChemistryExplanation / Answer
1) A baby cries profusely expelling a lot of CO2 in process. The blood PH increases.
Alkalosis occurs due to decreased blood levels of carbon dioxide, which is an acid.
Expelling CO2 from the circulation alters the dynamic chemical equilibrium of carbon dioxide in the circulatory system. Circulating H3O+ ions and bicarbonate ions are shifted through the carbonic acid intermediate to make more CO2. The equilibrium shifts left. This causes decreased circulating H3O+ ion concentration, and increased pH (alkalosis)
CO2 + H2O <---- H2CO3 -----> HCO3- + H3O+
2) A person with dysfunctional kidney is unable to maintain adequate amount of bicarbonate ions. His blood PH decreases.
Acidosis occurs due to decreased levels of bicarbonate ions in blood.
The dysfunctional kidney is unable to maintain adequate amount of bicarbonate ions, which alters the dynamic chemical equilibrium of bicarbonate ions in the circulatory system. CO2 are shifted through the carbonic acid intermediate to make more H3O+ ions and bicarbonate ions. The equilibrium shifts right. This causes increased circulating H3O+ ion concentration, and decreased pH (Acidosis)
CO2 + H2O <---- H2CO3 -----> HCO3- + H3O+
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