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* I mainly need the fourth answer. Thank You* Look at the following amino-acid s

ID: 102066 • Letter: #

Question

* I mainly need the fourth answer. Thank You*

Look at the following amino-acid sequences from two warm-water species and one cold-water species and identify where changes in the sequence occurred. Line 1: C. punctipinnis:Temperate (cold-adapted)

Line 2: C. caudalis:Tropical(warm-adapted)

Line 3: C. xanthochira: Tropical (warm-adapted) 151

151

GFERHRVIGS GTNLDSARFR HIMGEKLHLH PSSCHGWIVG EHDGSSVPVW

GFERHRVIGS GTNLDSARFR HIMGEKLHLH PSSCHGWIVG EHDGSSVPVW

GFERHRVIGS GTNLDSARFR HIMGEKLHLH PSSCHGWIIG   EHDGSSVPVW

201

SGVNVAGVSL QGLNPQMGTD GDSEKWKEVH    KLVVDGAYEV   IKLKGYTSWA

SGVNVAGVSL QALNPQMGAE   GDSENWKAVH KQVVDGAYEV IKLKGYTSWA

SGVNVAGVSL QGLNPKMGAE   GDSENWKEVH   KLVVDGAYEV   IKLKGYTSWA

251

IGMSVADLVE SIMKNLHKVH PVSTLVQGMH GVKDEVFLSV PCVLGNSGLT

IGMSVADLVE SIMKNLHKVH PVSTLVQGMH GVKDEVFLSV PCVLGNSGLT

IGMSVADLVE SIMKNLHKVH PVSTLVQGMH GVKDEVFLSV PCVLGNSGLT

301

DVIHMTLKPE EEKQLVKSAE TLWGVQKELT

DVIHMTLKPD EEKVLVKSAE TLWGVQKELT

DVIHMTLKPD EEKQLVKSAE TLWGVQKELT

Which amino acids changed between the three species? List four of them below, using the number of the amino acid. Example: Amino acid 189 changed from valine to isoleucine in a warm adapted species.

1) _______________________________________________________________

2) _______________________________________________________________

3) _______________________________________________________________

4) _______________________________________________________________

What were the changes in the chemical properties of the R-groups? Use the amino-acid chart to in the Powerpoint file to answer this question. Example: Both valine and isoleucine are nonpolar.

1) _______________________________________________________________

2) _______________________________________________________________

3) _______________________________________________________________

4) _______________________________________________________________

How might the changes that you identified affect the protein’s structure? Example: The change would likely have no effect. Neither valine and isoleucine would promote hydrogen bonding with water, because their R groups are nonpolar and thus hydrophobic.

1) _______________________________________________________________

2) _______________________________________________________________

3) _______________________________________________________________

4) _______________________________________________________________

4. Assuming that the mutations are adaptive, how should the changes that you identified affect the stability of the protein at low and high temperatures?

Explanation / Answer

Amino acids changed :

1. Amino acid 151 changed from valine to isoleucine in a warm adapted species.

2. Amino acid 201 changed from glycine to alanine in warm adapted species.

3. Amino acid 201 changed from glutamine to lysine in warm adapted species.

4. Amino acid 201 changed from glutamic acid to aspartic acid in cold adapted species.

Changes in chemical properties of R-groups :

1. Both valine and isoleucine are nonpolar.

2.Both glycine and alanine are nonpolar.

3.Glutamine is an uncharged polar group and Lysine is a charged polar group.

4. Both glutamic acid and aspartic acid are charged polar group.

Changes that affect the protein's structure :

1 and 2 : The change would have no effect.

3. polar groups are found on the surface of the protein, since both glutamine and lysine are polar, the change would have no such effect.

4.The change have no effect, since both glutamic acid and aspartic acids are negatively charged R groups.