The production capacity for acrylonitrile (C 3 H 3 N) in the United States is ov

Question

The production capacity for acrylonitrile (C3H3N) in the United States is over 2 billion pounds per year. Acrylonitrile, the building block for polyacrylonitrile fibers and a variety of plastics, is produced from gaseous propylene, ammonia, and oxygen:

2C3H6(g) + 2NH3(g) + 3O2(g) 2C3H3N(g) + 6H2O(g)

Assuming 100% yield, determine the mass of acrylonitrile which can be produced from the mixture below:

a. ................g = mass of acrylonitrile produced

b.What mass of water is formed from your mixture?

mass of water formed = ........... g

c.Calculate the mass (in grams) of each reactant after the reaction is complete:

Mass Reactant 7.41×102 g propylene 5.00 x 102 g ammonia 1.00 x 103 g oxygen

Explanation / Answer

A balanced equation is

                                                          2C3H6(g) + 2NH3(g) + 3O2(g) 2C3H3N(g) + 6H2O(g)

Number of moles                                 2              2              3                  2                    6

Molar mass (g/mol)                           42              17             32                53                18

Actual mass

(number of moles x molar mass)      84                34           96               106               108

We can write equivalency as,

84 g of Propylene 34 g of NH3 96 g of O2 106 g of acrylonitrile 108 g of water.

Let us assme 100% yield. Then with propylene as limiting reagent ( hence Unreacted propylene = 0 g)

84 g of Propylene 34 g of NH3

Then 741 g of Propylene say ‘A’ NH3

A = 741 x 34 / 84

A = 300 g of NH3 actually reacted

But used NH3 = 500 g.

Unreacted NH3 = 500 – 300 = 200 g.

And,

             84 g of Propylene 96 g of O2

Then, 741 g of propylene ‘B’ g of O2

B = 741 x 96/84

B = 847 g O2 ……….(actually reacted O2)

But used O2 = 1000 g

So Unreacted O2 = 1000 – 847 = 153 g.

From above calculations,

Actual mass of reactants that reacted = 741 + 300 + 847 = 1888 g

From above balnced equation and equivalence its clear that

Total mass of reactant (propylene+ NH3+O2 = 84 + 34 + 96) 214 g 106 g of acryl nitrile

Then 1888 g of reactants say ‘M’ g acrylonitrile.

M = 1888 x 106 / 214

M = 935 g of Acrylonitrile will be formed.

Also,

214 g of reactant 108 g of water

Then, 1888 g of reactant say N g water,

N = 1888 x 108 / 214

N = 953 g water will be formed.

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