Using the typical values shown in the table above calculate the relative uncerta

Question

Using the typical values shown in the table above calculate the relative uncertainty for each of the measurement methods.For each of the five physical quantities listed in the above table which measurement has the smallest relative uncertainty?

38 Table 2.2 Representative measurement methods PhysicalMethod Typical Approximate valueuncertainty quantity Mass Volume analytical balance microbalance pipet, Class A volumetric flask, Class A pycnometer, 25-mL capacity magnetic float densimeter vibrating-tube densimeter mercury manometer or barometer diaphragm gauge 100g 0.1 mg 20mg 0.1g 10 mL0.02mL 1 L 0.3 mL 1 gmL 2mg mL-1 l gmL 0.1 mg mL-1 1gmL-1 0.01 mg mL-1 760 Torr 100 Torr Density 0.001 Torr 1 Torr Pressure Temperature constant-volume gas thermometer 10K 0.001 K mercury-in-glass thermometer platinum resistance thermometer monochromatic optical pyrometer 300 K 300K- 1300 K 0.01 K 0.0001 K 0.03 K

Explanation / Answer

ANSWER.(1)Mass (a)Analytical balance.Relative Uncertainity=(0.1x10-3 x100)/100=0.0001%    (b) Micro balance.Relative Uncertainity=(0.1x10-3 x100)/20=0.0005%    analytical balance has the smallest relative uncertainity.

                (2)Volume (a)Pipet,Class A.Relative Uncertainity=(0.02x100)/10=0.2%   (b)Volumetric flask,Class A,Relative Uncertainity=(0.3X100)/1000=0.03% volumetric flask has thesmallest reletive uncertainity.                                                        

                   (3)Density (a)Pycnometer 25-ml capacity.Relative Uncertainity=(2x10-3 x100)/1=0.2%    (b)Magnetic float densimeter. Relative Uncertainity=(0.1x 10-3 x100)/1=0.01%                            (c)Vibrating tube densimeter. Relative Uncertainity=(0.01x 10-3 x100)/1=0.001%     Vibrating tube densimeter has the smallest reletive uncertainity.                   

                    (4)Pressure (a) Barometer.Relative Uncertainity=(0.001x100)/760=0.0001% (b) Diaphrm guage. Relative Uncertainity=(1x100)/100=1% Barometer has the smallest reletive uncertainity.          (5) Temperature(a)Constantvolume gas thermometer.RelativeUncertainity=(0.001x100)/10=0.01%    (b) mercury-in-glass thermometer.Relative Uncertainity=(0.01x100)/300=0.0033% (c)Platinum resistance thermometer.Relative Uncertainity=(0.0001x100)/300=0.33x10-4 %    (d)Monochromatic optical pyrometer.Relative Uncertainity=(0.03x100)/1300=0.0024%. Platinum resistance thermometer has the smallest relative uncertainity.                                            

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