A mutation in humans for “alcohol flush reaction,” ALDH2*2 occurs in individuals

Question

A mutation in humans for “alcohol flush reaction,” ALDH2*2 occurs in individuals when they consume alcohol. This mutation is located at a specific location on chromosome 12. A different sequence at this same chromosome location, ALDH2*1 results in individuals that consume alcohol with no flush Based on this information, alcohol flush reaction and the non-reaction trait are…

different genes

different alleles for the same gene

different mutations of the same chromosome

different chromatids

2) Familial adenomatous polyposis (FAP) is an inherited disorder characterized by cancer of the large intestine. People with the classic type of familial adenomatous polyposis may begin to develop multiple noncancerous (benign) growths in the colon as early as their teenage years. Unless the colon is removed, these growths will become malignant (cancerous). The average age at which an individual develops colon cancer in classic familial adenomatous polyposis is 39 years. The disease is caused by mutations in MUTYH, a gene encoding a DNA repair enzyme. Mutant alleles of MUTYH exhibit autosomal recessive inheritance. The disease is relatively common, affecting 1 in 7,000 adults. One of the most common mutant alleles of the MUTYH gene contains an insertion of 142 nucleotides in the coding sequence.Three sisters in their teens have an older brother who was diagnosed with Familial adenomatous polyposis, but neither parent, now in their 60s, has the disease. A genetic test revealed that the brother developed the disease because he is homozygous for the common insertion allele of MUTYH.

What can be said about the genotypes of the parents?

a. One parent is heterozygous for the nucleotide insertion allele.

b. Both parents are heterozygous for the nucleotide insertion allele.

c. One parent is homozygous for the nucleotide insertion allele.

d. Both parents are homozygous for the nucleotide insertion allele.

(Just need answers)

different genes

different alleles for the same gene

different mutations of the same chromosome

different chromatids

Explanation / Answer

1) Alcohol Flush & Non Reaction Traits are-

Different Alleles for the same Gene pool, because of possible 2 Reasons

a) Homozygotes with 2 alleles of possible low activity.

b) Heterozygotes with 1 allele with Low Activity & 1 with Normal Allele.

So Possible Traits are different allele for the same Gene .

2) Since the Trait of AFP is found in Heterozygous (Male) the possible Insertion f 142 Nucleotides has taken place at a level of MUTYH gene base pairing -

One parent is homozygous for the nucleotide insertion allele

Also the probability is that the expression occurs at a stage of Teenage & above 30 Years the mUTYH gENE Expression

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