The Model: Dispersion Forces (London Forces) Regardless of whether or not a mole

Question

The Model: Dispersion Forces (London Forces) Regardless of whether or not a molecular substance is polar, all gases can be converted into a liquid (or solid) if enough heat is removed. This suggests that there is a second type of intermolecular force that can hold nonpolar molecules together in a liquid or solid. These intermolecular forces are called dispersion forces (also known as London Forces), which are resultant "induced" dipole moments between neighboring molecules. For example, in neon: Consider a grouping of (nonpolar) atoms, each being represented as circular with its valence electrons equally distributed about the center. We can imagine that at some particular moment in time the charge cloud of one of the atoms may become distorted, giving the particle a temporary dipole. The charge cloud of the atom may resume its previous spherically-symmetric shape Alternatively, if other molecules are nearby, the temporary dipole may induce a dipole in them. These induced dipole moments are temporary, but neighboring molecules are constantly inducing moments between each other. So it is (again) a time-averaged picture we're considering.

Explanation / Answer

5. a) strenght of intermolecular forces means that the strongest force will have a higher boiling point, because the try to keep each atom together. Ne, Ar, Kr, Xe

b) Ne, Ar, Kr, Xe.

c) As it is know, noble gases can not react easily with other atoms because they have their 8e- in the last orbital. Then I would be harder for a single electron to move along the valence cloud. This might happen but at very extreme conditions of pressure and temperature.

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