6. Compare and contrast anticoagulants, anti-platelet drugs, fibrinolytics. In w

Question

6. Compare and contrast anticoagulants, anti-platelet drugs, fibrinolytics. In what setting (and in what patient) is each appropriate?

7. Describe the main drugs used for prophylaxis in hemophilia. What second line drugs are available? In whom would you use a second line drug?

8. Antilipemics: review prototypes in each group (there are 5!). What are the major drug interactions and AE of each?

9. Anemia: what are the parameters for treating iron, B12, and folate deficiencies? What drugs are used to treat each? How are they given?

10. There are only a few indications for CNS stimulants. What are the nursing consideration for these drugs? How do you know they’re working?
*describe the presentation of a client taking methamphetamine vs cocaine.
*what options are available for rehab of alcohol, nicotine, heroin?

Explanation / Answer

6. Anticoagulants interfere with blood proteins which are responsible for formation of blood clot, so anticoagulant induces the chemical reaction to maximize the time to form the blood clot. There are various types of anticoagulant to treat blood clotting, such as Warfarin, heparin and rivaroxaban.

Antiplatelet drugs prevent the blood platelets clumping. This clumping may result in formation of clots. There are various types of anticoagulants are available such as aspirin, ticlodipine, dipyridamole etc.   

Fibrinolytic drugs helps in dissolving the blood clots. These drugs are divided into three classes based on the target site of action involved which are plasminogen activator uronikase and streptokinase.

7. Hemophilia is the inherited disease in which unable to make blood clots, during the non stop bleeding. It requires preventing the bleeding when injury occurs. Non stop bleeding will cause the permanent damage to joints and brain headaches. There are basically two types of hemophilia which are categorized as per blood clotting factors. Hemophilia involves the prophylaxis to treat the bleeding which includes the inhibition of blood clotting inhibitors. Secondary line of drug is increased amount of prophylaxis. Rituximab used in case of resistance or auto immune activation.

8. Antilipemics used to treat the high level of the cholesterol and fat. Major drugs used to treat the high level of cholesterol and fat are Pravastatin, Rosuvastatin and Fluvastatin. These drugs basically inhibit the cholesterol absorption.

Various location, target sites and factors are available to treat the high level of lipids/fats which are given below:-

HMG-CoA Reductase inhibitors, Bile acid sequestrants, Fibric acid derivatives, Niacin

Drugs used as per mentioned factors:-

atorvastatin ( Lipitor )

cholestyramine ( Questran )

nicotinic acid ( Nicobid ) ( Vit B3 )

gemfibrozol ( Lopid )

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