1) all atoms of a given element have the same..... atomic mass? number of neutro

Question

1) all atoms of a given element have the same..... atomic mass? number of neutrons? atomic number? number of nucleons? mass number?
2) nuclei below the belt of stability can raise their neutron to proton ratio by...
beta emission? positron emission? gamma emission? alpha emission? or all?
3) what is required for a nuclear transmutation to occur?
spontaneous nuclear decay? gamma emsission? a particle to collide with a nucleus? a corrosive environment? high temperature? I wanna say high temp but wanna make sure.

Explanation / Answer

Question 1.- all atoms of a given element have the same..... atomic mass? number of neutrons? atomic number? number of nucleons? mass number?

Answer: Consider element Carbon when you look at periodic table you could see It written as 12C6in this example the value denoted at bottom indicates its atomic number which is nothing but number of protons = 6.

The number raised to C is known as mass number = number of protons + number of neutrons = 12. So to calculate number of nutrons = mass number - atomic number = 12 -6 = 6 in the case of Carbon.

number of nucleons = number of protons+ number of nutrons.

Atomic mass is nearly equivalent to mass number when isotopes of element do not exist.

For C there are 15 known isotpes  from 8C to 22C.

Thus, to answer your question all atoms of a given element have the same atomic number but may have different number of neutrons and different number of nucleons, mass number and atomic mass and are called as isotopes of element.

Question 2:

2) nuclei below the belt of stability can raise their neutron to proton ratio by...
beta emission? positron emission? gamma emission? alpha emission? or all?

Answer : Nuclei below the belt of stability (low neutron-to-proton ratios): These proton-rich nuclei can increase their ratio by positron emission thereby increase the number of neutrons and decrease the number of protons.

Question 3)

3 ) what is required for a nuclear transmutation to occur?
spontaneous nuclear decay? gamma emsission? a particle to collide with a nucleus? a corrosive environment? high temperature?

Answer :Nuclear transmutation is the proess of conversion of one chemical element or an isotope into another. This is caused either by decay or by nuclear reaction. Please note that alpha and beta particle emission constitute to transmutation but gamma emission, internal conversion do not transmute the affected atom.

So, Spontaneous nuclear decay,(Natural Transmutation), a particle to collide with a nucleus (Artificial Transmutation) high temperature are basically responsible for Transmutation to occur.

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