I want the answer of these following questions asap........... my course is Path

Question

I want the answer of these following questions asap........... my course is Pathophysiology and the subject is Hormonal Disorders (Endocrine System):

5-Explore the main complications of kidney stones such as stasis of urine, infection, and hydronephrosis.

6-Discuss lower urinary tract infections (cystitis) including signs and symptoms, most common bacteria, why women are more at risk to develop, etc.

7-Discuss pyelonephritis specifically noting the differences between pyelonephritis and cystitis.

8-Explore the disorder of glomerulonephritis identifying that it is the leading cause of renal failure in the US, category of hypersensitivity that involves antigen-antibody complexes, and the specific differences in nephritic and nephritic syndrome.

9-Discuss renal cell carcinoma including causes and most common manifestations.

10-Describe detailed differences in acute renal failure types (prerenal, postrenal, and intrinsic renal failure) noting causes and clinical manifestations

Explanation / Answer

5-Explore the main complications of kidney stones such as

1.     Stasis of urine. It is condition in which bladder unable to dispense complete urine from bladder. Retained amount of urine cause the infection inside the bladder and kidney.

2.     Infection (Kidney stone). Bacteria are responsible for the infection because the urinary tract get blocked. That unable to drain complete urine from the body. That becomes the source of infection where bacteria continuously grow. E.Coli is major bacteria responsible for infection

3.     hydronephrosis. It is the condition in which the kidney gets unable to drain the urine from kidney to bladder which leads to the swelling of kidney. It is the secondary response which came in notice after the disease and blockage inside the urinary tract.

6-Discuss lower urinary tract infections (cystitis) including signs and symptoms, most common bacteria, why women are more at risk to develop, etc.

Sign and symptoms of Urinary tract infections include the increase in pelvic pressure, lower abdomen discomfort, painful urination, and blood in urine. These are the frequent symptoms of urinary tract infection

Most common bacteria responsible for urinary tract infections are E. coli which found inside the gastrointestinal tract. Women get easily affected with this disease because of short distance in between urethra & rectum and urethra opening toward the bladder cause the urinary tract infection.

7-Discuss pyelonephritis specifically noting the differences between pyelonephritis and cystitis.

Pyelonephritis linked with kidney infection and cystitis is the infection in the bladder. In normal condition the bladder and urethra are found sterile means there are no bacteria. But in case of bacterial infection it causes the discomfort.

8-Explore the disorder of glomerulonephritis identifying that it is the leading cause of renal failure in the US, category of hypersensitivity that involves antigen-antibody complexes, and the specific differences in nephritic and nephritic syndrome.

Glomerulonephritis is the infection of glomeruli which is the part of kidney. Glomeruli contain the small blood vessels which help in the filtration of blood and body fluids. Infection in glomeruli causes the kidney failure.

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