Currently a debate is ongoing as to the possible location of a disease. The CDC

Question

Currently a debate is ongoing as to the possible location of a disease. The CDC states that the disease (in question) is endemic to the Northern US but many researchers have data suggesting this disease may occur in the South
(states below and including Virginia).
Symptoms of this disease include: erythema migrans (EM) also known as a “bull’s eye rash.” The rash is not usually itchy or painful, but can increase in size. Days or weeks later, several symptoms may be present, including severe
headaches, heart palpitations, and pain/swelling of joints. Commonly the knee joint is swollen and painful. Wooded areas, especially sparsely wooded areas, are commonly associated with this disease.

Part 1: What disease is being characterized above? (2 points)

Part 2: What vector (“vehicle," "animal") can carry this disease? (2 points)

Part 3: Based on your answer for Part 2, how could you prevent this disease? (1 point)

Explanation / Answer

Answer:

Part 1: From the characteristics mentioned above, the disease appears to be Lyme disease.

Part 2: The vehicle of Lyme disease is tick.

Part 3: The risks of getting Lyme disease can be decreased by preventing tick bites.

Precautions to be taken are:

i. Covering up oneself when in wooded or grassy areas.

ii. Wear long sleeve shirts, long pants tucked into socks, gloves and cap.

iii. Prevent walking in areas containing low bushes and long grasses.

iv. Use of Icaridin spray on the skin and clothing.

At the pathogen level, Lyme disease can be prevented through vaccination against Lyme disease.

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