1. Considering the electron donating ability of the substituents, which one in t
ID: 952767 • Letter: 1
Question
1. Considering the electron donating ability of the substituents, which one in the following pairs of molecules would you expect to react FASTER in electrophilic aromatic substitution, i.e., which substituent is the most ACTIVATING? In each case give a SHORT EXPLANATION for your choice
2. For each of the following pairs of molecules, explain which you would expect to be more likely to give products with MULTIPLE SUBSTITUTIONS for electrophilic aromatic substitution with EXCESS reagent? In each case give a SHORT EXPLANATION for your choice!
Explanation / Answer
1) in this pair phenol will be most active compound for electrophilc substitution
reactions, because of pressence of lone pair electrons on oxygen atom and
readly undergo de-localization with ring pi-electrons and increase the electron density at ring. but in case of toluene there will not be any lone pairs so its reactivity is less.
2) in this pair aniline is most active than phenol because electronegativity of nitrogen is less than oxygen, so it can easily allow its lone paire to delocalization with ring electrons.
3)in this pair methyl aniline is more reactive than formyl aniline ,since in formyl aniline the lone paire on nitrogen additionally undergo de-localization with carbonyl group, so reactivity is decreasing.
4)this molecule can give only monosubstituted benzene, because of electron withdrawing nature from amide functionality
5)this molecule can give multisubstituted ring because of high eectron density from nitrogen
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