There are various types of benign ovarian cysts, but one type occurs when a matu

Question

There are various types of benign ovarian cysts, but one type occurs when a mature follicle develops, fails to rupture, and is maintained. Although typically such a cyst eventually regresses within a couple of months, it can persist and produce symptoms resembling pregnancy, with missed menstrual periods. Such symptoms are most likely due to a. mistaken development of the embryo inside the ovary, known as ectopic pregnancy b. sustained levels of estrogen and progesterone, which prevent endometrial loss. c. elevation of normally low levels of testosterone, producing endometrial atrophy d. low progesterone levels, leading to high FSH and LH, this suppressing menstruation. e. elevation of normally low levels of progesterone, producing myometrial hypertrophy.

Explanation / Answer

Benign means non-harmful (or non-cancerous) to body

a) Mistaken development of the embryo inside the ovary, known as ectopic pregnancy.

Ectopic pregnancy means, when fertilised egg attaches itself in place other than inside the uterus. Generally in fallopian tube. This is outside the uterus so it is not responsible for said condition.

b) Sustained levels of estrogen and progesterone, which prevent endometrial loss.

Estrogen and progesterone have very important role in female reproductive system. The level of estrogen and progesterone in blood affects the menstruation and pregnancy. During routine menstrual cycle the if the egg not get fertilized by sperm the estrogen and progesterone level decreases sharply which causes the lining of uterus to break down and menstruation happens.

If the estrogen and progesterone level does not drop it is not allowing uterus lining to rapture and the egg inside the ovary develops into cyst and such cyst can produce symptom like pregnancy.

c) Elevation of normally low levels of testosterone, producing endometrial atrophy

This condition occurs due to low level of estrogen and high level of testosterone (male reproductive hormone) this cause more development of male like characters and may be responsible for polycystic ovarian syndrome but not produce above said condition.

d) Low progesterone levels, leading to high FSH and LH, this suppressing menstruation.

It is true decreased level progesterone increases level of Follicle Stimulating Hormone (FSH) and Luteinising Hormone (LH) but increase level of these two hormones can causes premature ovarian menopause, pre-mature ovarian failure. But not responsible for above condition.

e) Elevation of normally low levels of progesterone, producing myometrial hypertrophy.

It is the enlargement of myometrium layer it can produce neoplasm but not responsible of said condition

Conclusion: Answer b is correct answer

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