The atomic radii of zirconium and hafnium are nearly identical. Explain. The ato

Question

The atomic radii of zirconium and hafnium are nearly identical. Explain. The atomic radii of zirconium and hafnium are nearly identical due to the decrease in Z_eff for Hf as the 4f subshell is filled. The atomic radii of zirconium and hafnium are nearly identical due to the increase in Z_eff for Hf as the 5d subshell is filled. The atomic radii of zirconium and hafnium are nearly identical due to the decrease in Z_eff for Hf as the 6s subshell is filled. The atomic radii of zirconium and hafnium are nearly identical due to the decrease in Z-eff for Hf as the 5d subshell is filled. The atomic radii of zirconium and hafnium are nearly identical due to the increase in Z_eff for Hf as the 6s subshell is filled. The atomic radii of zirconium and hafnium are nearly identical due to the increase in Z_eff for Hf as the 4f subshell is filled.

Explanation / Answer

Option 5 is the answer. the reason is.....

The elements following the lanthanides in the periodic table are influenced by the lanthanide contraction. The radii of the period-6 transition metals are smaller than would be expected if there were no lanthanides, and are in fact very similar to the radii of the period-5 transition metals, since the effect of the additional electron shell is almost entirely offset by the lanthanide contraction.

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