Using ATP to Provide Energy for Biological Processes Two important laws regardin

Question

Using ATP to Provide Energy for Biological Processes Two important laws regarding energy are: Energy can be transformed from one type to another (e.g. the stored chemical energy in ATP can be transformed to the kinetic energy of muscle motion). However, energy cannot be created or destroyed. This is the _____ law of thermodynamics. All types of energy conversion increase entropy (are inefficient) and result in the production of heat. For example, when ATP provides the energy for muscle contraction, only about 20-25% of the chemical energy released from the ATP molecules is captured in the kinetic energy of muscle contraction. The rest of the energy from the ATP is converted to heat. This is the ______law of thermodynamics. Some textbooks claim that "Cellular respiration makes the energy needed for biological processes." Explain what is wrong with this sentence and give a more accurate sentence. Explain why your body gets warmer when you are physically active.

Explanation / Answer

a) Energy cannot be transformed from one type to another (e.g the stored chemical energy in ATP can be transformed to the kinectic energy of muscle motion).however enerrgy cannot be created or destroyed.This is the Ist law of thermodynamics.

Reason - Within Organisms Chemical potential energy can be transferred between cells or even stored in chemical bonds.it can also be converted to another forms,such as kinectic energy,light or electricity.During each conversion some heat is lost to the surrounding enviroment. Thats what Ist law of thermodynamics explain.

2.All types of energy conversion increase entropy (are inefficient) and result in the production of heat.For example,when ATP provides the energy for muscle contraction, only about 20 -25% of the chemical energy released from the ATP molecules captured in the kinectic energy of muscle contraction.The rest of the energy from the ATP is converted to the heat. This is the second law of thermodynamics

Reason- Entropy in the universe is continually increasing.Energy transformations proceed spontaneously to convert matter from more ordered to less stable form to less stable form.Keeping orders requires energy thats what second law of thermodynamics tell.

7) Some textbooks claims that "cellular respiration makes energy needed for biological processes."

It ca't be summarized in single sentence.As explained above Energy can be transformed from one type to another.The stored chemical energy in ATP can be transformed to the kinectic energy.as first law of thermodynamics explain energy cannot be destroyed or created it can change from one form to another.

For living organisms it is two step method   for most biological processes which means

Ist step Chemical energy from the breakdown of sugars or other molecules to make ATP molecules.This process is called cellular respiration. Cellular respiration makes ATP from ADP Plus phosphate (P).The energy for this chemical reaction is provided by cellular respiration of sugars or other organic molecules.

II step ATP provides the energy for biological processes.When ATP is breakdown to ADP pus phoaphate(P),this releases energy which is usedfor many different cellular processes.

8.When exercising when muscles engaged in working out. about 20-25% of the chemical energy released from the ATP molecules is captured in kinectic energy of muscle contraction.the rest energy from ATP is converted to heat.thats ehy when working out you produce more heat when physically active.This is also the second law of thermodynamics.

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