Question: 1, 20, 21,29, 37,41,43, 48.49 this is my question. Which of the struct
ID: 93878 • Letter: Q
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Question: 1, 20, 21,29, 37,41,43, 48.49 this is my question.
Which of the structure in the kidney is responsible for sensing inadequate blood supply and secretion of renin? What might happen if a person begins laughing while swallowing a liquid? Know the 6 classes of nutrients. Know the fat-and water-soluble vitamin. What is reduction reaction? Function of antioxidant vitamins. What do you can the fluid that enters the proximal convoluted tubule? This is the formation of a new glucose molecule. What is waste product normally excreted by the kidneys? This is the smooth dense irregular connective tissue that is continuous with the outer coat of the ureter. Which structure of the nephron reabsorbs the most substances? The addition of water to break down large molecules is called. Glycolysis is an example of anabolism or catabolism? The enzymatic digestion of large molecules into their basic budding blocks is called. Carbohydrate is stored in the body in form of: In the stomach, what does hydrochloric acid (HCL) do to protein? Define a villus. Which region of the stomach receives food from the esophagus? Which of the tract is the second section of the small intestine? Which part of GI tract mucosa has maximum number of goblet cells? High levels of what in urine indicates increased metabolism of proteins in the body? Which type of lipoprotein helps in lowering of cholesterol by transporting them to liver for excretion? Know the contents of normal urine. This process is the synthesis of triglycerides. Chemical reactions that combine simple molecules and monomers to form complex structures are known as _____ Bile is produced by the _____ and stored in the _____ What is the substrate of salivary amylase? The primary functional unit of the kidney is _____ The hormone responsible for reabsorption of water in the kidney is In each nephron of the kidney, the glomerulus and Bowman's capsule _____. The movement of substances from the blood into the proximal tubule is known as _____. What is the test to measure kidney function? Increased secretion of hydrogen ions would result in a _____of blood _____? Which tubule transports urine from the kidney to the bladder? How many stages of deglutition are there? What structure of the stomach allows greater distension for food storage? All blood leaving the small intestinal tract travels first to the: How long can food stay in the fundus before being mixed with gastric juices? The movement of substances out of the glomerulus and into Bowman's capsule is referred to as _____. The _____ are the major Wood vessels transporting blood to the kidneys. Lack of this enzyme produced from which organ is responsible for lactose intolerance? Know the substances that enter the duodenum via the hepatopancreatic ampulla. Know the correct sequence for the passage of urine. Water accounts for what percentage of the total volume of urine? The pH of gastric juice is about? Glycolysis takes place in: What is the primary function of the villi of the small intestine? What is the largest producer of energy during cellular respiration? Which digestive accessory organ produces a fluid that functions to emulsify dietary fats droplets? Which accessory organ stores bile?Explanation / Answer
1. Nephrons are the functional units of the kidney. Juxtaglomerular apparatus is a part of kidney nephron next to glomerulus and hence the name juxtaglomerular. Juxtaglomerular apparartus maintains the function of all the nephrons. Juxtagloerular appartus has three types of cells :-
a) Macula densa
b) Juxtaglomerular cells- secrete renin
c) Extraglomerular mesangial cells- renin is found in these cells also.
20. Goblet cells are found in the mucous membranes and their main function is to secrete mucus to protect mucuos membrane by secreting mucins( glycoproteins) formed by carbohydrates. example: MUC2 mucin is produced in small and large intestine.
Gastrointestinal mucosa has four layers:-
Protective mucosa- found in oesophagus, oral cavity, pharyns and anal canal.
Secretory mucosa- it has n no. of cells for secretion of digestive enxymes, found only in stomach.
Absorptive mucosa- it has crypts and villi for absorption of digested materials.
Protective/Absorptive mucosa-found in large intestine,it has a key role in water absorption and mucus seretion.
Thus, protective/absorptive mucosa of the GI tract mucosa has maximum no. of goblet cells.
21. High levels of Urea and creatinine in urine indicate increased metabolism of proteins in the body.
29. The hormone responsible for reabsorption of water in the kidney is vasopressin which is also known as antidiuretic hormone (ADH). It retains water in the body by increasing water reabsorption in the kidney's collecting ducts.
37. All blood leaving small intestine tract travels first to liver for detoxification.
41. Lack of the enzyme lactase in the small intestine which breaks down lactose into glucose and galactose is reponsible for lactose intolerance.
43. The urinary sysytem has two kidneys, two ureters, one bladder, two sphincter muscles and urethra. Main function of urinary tract is to eliminate waste products from the body. Urea is produced by digestion of proteins which is carried into the bloodstream to the kidneys for filtration. Nephrons are functional units of kidney which remove urea from the bloodstream. Water and other waste substances form urine which travels through two ureters to the bladder. Sphincter muscles help in holding back the urine until one is ready to pass the urine through urethra to outside the body.
48. Oxidative phosphorylation mechanism of cellular respiration is the largest producer of energy producing 38 ATP/ glucose molecule.
49.Bile acids produced by liver acts as an emulsifier separating fats into smaller droplets keeping it mixed with digestive liquids.
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