HI HELP PLEASE I NEED ANSWERS TO ALL QUESTIONS PLEASE THANKS 2. Without a positi

Question

HI HELP PLEASE I NEED ANSWERS TO ALL QUESTIONS PLEASE THANKS

2. Without a positive selection process in lymphocyte maturation ___ a T cell would not be able to properly bind to APCs and therefore not be activated by them b monocytes would not be able to migrate into infected tissue and differentiate into microphage c natural killer would be non functional   dautoimmune disease would be likely to result

3. Select the best discription of the nagative selection process of lymphocyte maturation a teaching a lymphocyte to recognize self from foreign antigens b removsl of lymphocyte that react with self cells cremoval of lymphocyte that fail to recognize self cells d allowing the survival of lymphocyte that cannot bind to MHC proteins

4. Plasma cells _____ a have a great deal of rough endoplasmic reticulum refkecting the fact that they secrete a tremendous amount of protein antibody b are large so that they can envelope their prey by phagocytosis c are small that they slip between endothelial cells of capillaries to fight infection in the surrounding tissue d have a great dial of rough endoplasmic reticulum to despose of ingested pathogens

5. which of the following cell has the largest role and most widespread effect on immunity?   a B cell b helper T cell c cytotoxic T cell d APC

6. Antibody function include all of the following EXCEPT ___ a binding and inactivating chemical toxins realsed by bacteria or other microorganism b cross linking cell bound antigens on the red blood cell when blood type are properly matched c linking soluble antigens together so that they fall out of solution dtargeting foreiign cell so that complement protein can cause cellualr lysis

7. A vaccine is effective because ____ a the vaccine contains the antibodies that necessary to fight infection b   the vaccine contains the lymphocyte necessary to fight infection c   the secondary rsponse of he adaptive immnunity is faster and more efficient the primary response d B lymphocytes are unable to mount an immune response the first time they are exposed to a new pathogen

Explanation / Answer

2) The answer is a. Positive selection process results in increased binding affinity of T cells to the MHC hence without which the T cells will be unable to bind to APCs.

3) The answer is b. In negative selection, the lymphocytes that bind to the self MHCs are removed and the body is prevented from autoimmune diseases.

4) The answer is a. Plasma cells are also known as B cells and act as antigen presenting cells by engulfing the antigen through receptor mediated endocytosis and processing it. With the help of MHC molecules, the antigenic piece is represented on the cell surface so that it can be detected by T cells.

5) The answer is b. Helper T cells are a part of adaptive immunity and are responsible for many vital functions like B cell antibody class switching, stimulating cytotoxic T cells and macrophages.

6) The answer is b. Antibodies are produced by B cells. They are involved in neutralization, opsonization and finally destructing the pathogen by activating complementary pathways.

7) The answer is c. Vaccine are heat killed or live attenuated pathogens that are administered in the body so as to elicit primary response and produce memory against the pathogen. When the pathogen attacks for the second time, the memory cells are then used to fight against that pathogen.   

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