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A buffer consists of a weak acid or base, and the salt of that acid or base. Con

ID: 918948 • Letter: A

Question

A buffer consists of a weak acid or base, and the salt of that acid or base. Consider a buffer made by combining the weak acid HA with its salt, A: HA(aq)+H2O(l)A(aq)+H3O+(aq) Ka=[A][H3O+][HA] The H3O+ concentration of this buffer can be calculated using the Ka expression: [H3O+]=Ka[HA][A] You can use this expression when solving for pH, or you can simplify the expression even more. Taking the negative log of this expression, you have log[H3O+]=log[Ka]log[HA][A] Since log[H3O+]=pH and log[Ka]=pKa, this can be further simplified to pH=pKa+log[A][HA]

A lactic acid/lactate ion buffer solution contains 0.32 M HC3H5O3 and 0.86 M C3H5O3, respectively. The Ka value of lactic acid is 1.4×104. Calculate the pH of this buffer.

Express the pH numerically.

Explanation / Answer

pH = pka log(C3H5O3/HC3H5O3)

pka = -log ka = -log(1.4*10^(-4)) = 3.85

pH = 3.85+log(0.86/0.32)

   = 4.28