What are the three components of the cell theory? Of what is the cell membrane i
ID: 90819 • Letter: W
Question
What are the three components of the cell theory?
Of what is the cell membrane is mainly composed?
TRUE or FALSE: A prokaryotic cell has a nucleus.
TRUE or FALSE: An eukaryotic cell does not have membrane-bounded organelles.
Most organelles can be found in both in plants and animals. What three organelles are unique to plants?
What organelles can only be found in animal cells?
Which of the following contains digestive enzymes?
TRUE or FALSE: In most mammals, the DNA found in mitochondria is inherited from the mother only.
TRUE or FALSE: Flagella are not found on eukaryotic cells.
How do phospholipids interact with water to form the cell membrane?
TRUE or FALSE: All living things have a plasma membrane and a cell wall.
What is the first law of thermodynamics?
What is the example of potential energy that was given in the lecture notes?
What is the second law of thermodynamics?
What is entropy?
What is an exergonic reaction?
What is an endergonic reaction?
TRUE or FALSE: An enzyume is an organic molecule (usually a protein) that catalyzes a cellular reaction.
How does an enzyme work?
What is the region of an enzyme that binds the substrate?
TRUE or FALSE: Phagocytosis is an example of bulk transport.
TRUE or FALSE: Osmosis involves the movement of water only.
What is competitive inhibition?
What is non-competitive inhibition?
What is the energy currency of our bodies?
How do particles move in passive transport?
How do particles move in active transport?
Which type of plastid stores starch?
The largest amount of DNA is localized to the ________ in both bacteria and archaea.
Which organelle creates the lysosome?
Which component of the endomembrane system modifies proteins?
Which is the hereditary material of life?
Which organelle contains digestive enzymes to break down ingested bacteria?
In non-competitive inhibition (allosteric regulation), where does the inhibitor bind?
According to the first law of thermodynamics, energy can neither be ________ nor ________ .
Explanation / Answer
1. The cell theory states that:
2. The cell membrane is mainly composed of phospholipids, forming a lipid bilayer, embedded with proteins.
3. False. Prokaryotes do not have nucleii.
4. All organelles in eukaryotic cells are membrane-bound.
5. The organelles unique to plant cells are the cell wall, chloroplasts and a large central vacuole.
6. Centrosomes and lysosomes are unique to animal cells, and are not found in plant cells.
8. TRUE. Mitochondria DNA is inherited from the mother only.
9. FALSE. Flagella can be found on eukaryotic cells, however, they resemble cilia and have different functions.
10. When lipid molecules come in contact with water, they aggregate together, exposing their hydrophilic ends to the water molecules. This forms a bilayer, where the hydrophilic heads are exposed and the hydrophobic tails are positioned in the centre, between the hydrophilic heads.
11. FALSE. Cell walls are characteristic of plant cells. Animals are also living things, but they do not have cell walls.
12. The first law of thermodynamics states that the total energy of an isolated system is constant, and that energy can be transformed from one form to another, but can be neither created nor destroyed.
14. The second law of thermodynamics states that the total entropy of an isolated system can only increase over time, however, it can be constant in ideal cases when the system is in steady state/ equilibrium or undergoing a reversible process.
15. Entropy is a thermodynamic quantity that describes the degree of disorder or randomness in the system.
16. An exergonic reaction is a reaction in which energy is released.
17. An endergonic reaction is a reaction which requires energy.
18. TRUE. An enzyme is an organic molecule that catalyses a reaction.
19. Enzymes are activated by binding of a substrate to the active site of the enzyme. Once activated, it can proceed to carry out its function.
20. The substrate binds to the active site of the enzyme.
21. TRUE. Phagocytosis is an example of bulk transport.
22. FALSE. Osmosis involves movement of any solvent through a semi-permeable membrane.
23. Competitive inhibition is a form of enzyme inhibition in which the inhibitor binds to active site of the enzyme instead of the substrate, inactivating it.
24. In non-competitive inhibition, the inhibitor binds to a site on the enzyme that is not the active site. This changes the conformation of the enzyme, so it cannot bind to the substrate.
25. The energy currency of our body is ATP.
26, Particles small enough to pass through the cellular membranes are involved in passive transport.
27. Particles too large to diffuse freely through the cellular membranes are transported via active transport.
28. Leucoplasts are colourless plant plastids that store starch.
29. DNA is largely localized to the nucleoid in bacteria and archae.
30. Lysosomes are produced by the Golgi apparatus.
31. The Golgi apparatus modifies proteins.
32. DNA is the heriditary material of life.
33. Lysosymes contain digestive enzymes that break down ingested bacteria.
34. In non-competitive inhibition, the inhibitor binds to a site on the enzyme that is not the active site.
35. Energy can neither be created nor destroyed.
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