LAB MODULE: BASIC MICROSCOPY – STUDY HELP The information in this document is he
ID: 90613 • Letter: L
Question
LAB MODULE: BASIC MICROSCOPY – STUDY HELP
The information in this document is helpful in preparing for the Basic Microscopy Pre-Lab Quiz on Canvas and the Basic Microscopy quiz on Late Nite Labs.
Instructions:
• Go to your Late Nite Labs course site and click on the Basic Microscopy link. The lab manual content will appear on the right side of the screen.
• PRINT and READ all of the information found in the Basic Microscopy lab manual.
• Use the information to answer the following questions.
Questions
• Fill in the remainder of the chart.
Objective Lens
Objective Magnification
Ocular Magnification
Total Magnification
Scanning
4X
10X
40X
Low Power
10X
10X
High Power
40X
10X
Oil Immersion
100X
10X
• Do all organisms consist of more than one cell?
• What is the structural and functional unit of living things? In other words, what is considered the basic building block of LIFE?
• What three structures are found in the cells of ALL organisms, both prokaryotic and eukaryotic? You may have to look at the pictures of the cells in the Basic Microscopy lab manual content to find all three structures. Note: plasma membrane = cell membrane
• List the major differences in prokaryotic cells and eukaryotic cells? Include the location of genetic material in a eukaryotic versus prokaryotic cell.
• List the organelles found in a eukaryotic cell that are not found in a prokaryotic cell. You may have to look at the pictures of the cells in the Basic Microscopy lab manual content to find all of these.
• In eukaryotic cells, genetic information is found in the form of DNA. Is this true for prokaryotic cells?
• Are flagella and cell walls unique to eukaryotes? Why or why not?
• The __________is the part of a cell that allows the movement of substances into and out of the cell and protects the cell from its environment.
• The__________is a substance that contains all of the dissolved and suspended ions and other molecules needed to keep the cell alive.
• A__________is an organelle that serves as the site of photosynthesis in a eukaryotic cell.
• Some organisms have cells that contain a__________that gives the cell a more structured shape and strengthens the cell by osmotic pressure.
• Describe dark field microscopy.
• Describe phase contrast microscopy.
• Why do scientists use dark field microscopy and phase contrast microscopy when studying prokaryotic cells?
• How does phase contrast microscopy help scientists visualize difficult specimens?
• Fill in the remainder of the chart. The organisms studied during this lab are: Amoeba, Spirogyra, cardiac muscle, and bacteria.
Amoeba, Spirogyra, cardiac muscle, and bacteria
Contains the genetic material of a eukaryotic cell
Spirogyra
Objective Lens
Objective Magnification
Ocular Magnification
Total Magnification
Scanning
4X
10X
40X
Low Power
10X
10X
High Power
40X
10X
Oil Immersion
100X
10X
Explanation / Answer
Answers:-
Objective Lens
Objective Magnification
Ocular Magnification
Total Magnification
Scanning
4X
10X
40X
Low Power
10X
10X
100X
High Power
40X
10X
400X
Oil Immersion
100X
10X
1000X
Do all organisms consist of more than one cell?
Answer:-no ,only eukaryotic multi Cellular organisms consist more than one cell.
• What is the structural and functional unit of living things? In other words, what is considered the basic building block of LIFE?
Answe:-cell is the basic building block of life.
• What three structures are found in the cells of ALL organisms, both prokaryotic and eukaryotic? You may have to look at thepictures of the cells in the Basic Microscopy lab manual content to find all three structures. Note: plasma membrane = cell membrane
Answer:-1.genetic material DNA
2.RIBOSOMES.
3.CYTOPLASM.
4.PLASMA MEMBRANE.
• List the major differences in prokaryotic cells and eukaryotic cells? Include the location of genetic material in a eukaryotic versus prokaryotic cell.
Answer:-
Prokaryotic cells (pro-primitive, karyon- nucleus): From the morphological point of view, prokaryotic cells are the most primitive cells. They do not contain a definite nucleus. The chromatin bodies remain scattered inside the cytoplasm. Such a type of nucleus without a nuclear membrane is called a nucleoid. Eg. bacteria, cyanobacteria (blue green algae) etc.
Eukaryotic cells: These are believed to have been evolved from the prokaryotes. They contain a definite nucleus. The chromatin bodies are enclosed by a nuclear membrane. Eukaryotic cells are larger than the prokaryotes. They show better structural organisation and increased functional efficiency than prokaryotes.
• List the organelles found in a eukaryotic cell that are not found in a prokaryotic cell. You may have to look at the pictures of the cells in the Basic Microscopy lab manual content to find all of these.
Answer:-in prokaryotes A typical nucleus is absent.
DNA is naked or without any association with histone proteins.
Mitochondria are absent.
Golgi apparatus is absent.
Lysosmes, sphaerosomes and glyoxysomes are absent.
Centrosome is absent.
• In eukaryotic cells, genetic information is found in the form of DNA. Is this true for prokaryotic cells?
Yes,it is true.
• Are flagella and cell walls unique to eukaryotes? Why or why not?
Yes.with different composition and structure.
• cell membrane is the is the part of a cell that allows the movement of substances into and out of the cell and protects the cell from its environment.
• The cytoplasm is a substance that contains all of the dissolved and suspended ions and other molecules needed to keep the cell alive.
• the cell membrane is part of a cell that allows the movement of substances into and out of the cell and protects the cell from its environment. is an organelle that serves as the site of photosynthesis in a eukaryotic cell.
• Some organisms have cells that contain a cell wall that gives the cell a more structured shape and strengthens the cell by osmotic pressure.
• Describe dark field microscopy.
Answer:-Dark-field microscopy (dark-groundmicroscopy) describes microscopymethods, in both light and electronmicroscopy, which exclude the unscattered beam from the image. As a result, the field around the specimen (i.e., where there is no specimen to scatter the beam) is generally dark.
• Describe phase contrast microscopy.
Answer:-Phase-contrast microscopy is an optical-microscopy technique that converts phase shifts in light passing through a transparent specimen to brightness changes in the image.Phase shifts themselves are invisible, but become visible when shown as brightness variations.
• Why do scientists use dark field microscopy and phase contrast microscopy when studying prokaryotic cells?
• How does phase contrast microscopy help scientists visualize difficult specimens?
• Fill in the remainder of the chart. The organisms studied during this lab are:Amoeba, Spirogyra, cardiac muscle, and bacteria.
Amoeba, Spirogyra, cardiac muscle, and bacteria
Contains the genetic material of a eukaryotic cel
Spirogyra
Objective Lens
Objective Magnification
Ocular Magnification
Total Magnification
Scanning
4X
10X
40X
Low Power
10X
10X
100X
High Power
40X
10X
400X
Oil Immersion
100X
10X
1000X
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