1. Show structures for the products that would be expected for the reaction belo

Question

1. Show structures for the products that would be expected for the reaction below (note: in A? n-butyllithium is a very strong base). 2. Fill in the blanks in the equation below to show the structures of a carbonyl compound and a diethylphosphonate that could be used to synthesize the product shown by a Horner- Emmons reaction. 3. What is the difference between a betaine and an ylide? 4. In a HWE reaction, a 1,2-disubstituted alkene was formed in which the olefinic protons exhibited a vicinal coupling of 9.0 hz in the H NMR. What is the stereochemistry of the double bond?

Explanation / Answer

1.(A) C6H10=CH-CH2-CH(CH3)2

1.(B). C6H5CH=CH-CH2-C(CH3)3

2.C7H6ClO-CH2-P=O(OEt)3 + C5H9-CHO

3.Betaine in chemistry is any neutral chemical compound with a positively charged cationicfunctional group such as a quaternary ammonium or phosphonium cation (generally: onium ions) which bears no hydrogen atom and with a negatively charged functional group such as a carboxylate group which may not be adjacent to the cationic site. A betaine thus may be a specific type of zwitterion.

An ylide is a neutral dipolar molecule containing a formally negatively charged atom (usually acarbanion) directly attached to a heteroatom with a formal positive charge (usually nitrogen, phosphorus or sulfur), and in which both atoms have full octets of electrons. Ylides are thus 1,2-dipolar compounds.

4.produce predominantly E-alkenes and Aldehyde proton exhibits the vicinal coupling of 9 Hz.

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