All amino acids have two ionizable functional groups: an alpha-amino group (aver

Question

All amino acids have two ionizable functional groups: an alpha-amino group (average pK_a of 9.4) and an alpha-carboxylic acid group (average pK_aof 2.2). Glutamic acid has an ionizable side chain (R group) with a pK_a of -4.1. One of the possible ionization states of glutamic acid is shown below. At what pH would the above structure be the predominant ionization state? The protonated form of the R group of glutamic acid is shown in the structure above. The ratio of the protonated form to the charged (deprotonated) form depends on the pK_a of the R group and the pH of the solution. Select all the pH values at which the charged form of the R group would predominate.

Explanation / Answer

Q1) below 2.2 pH ( means < 2.2 pH)

Q2) at 4.1 pH charged form exist

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