Titanium occurs in the magnetic mineral ilmenite (FeTiO3), which is often found

Question

Titanium occurs in the magnetic mineral ilmenite (FeTiO3), which is often found mixed up with sand. The ilmenite can be separated from the sand with magnets. The titanium can then be extracted from the ilmenite by the following set of reactions:
FeTiO3(s)+3Cl2(g)+3C(s)3CO(g)+FeCl2(s)+TiCl4(g)TiCl4(g)+2Mg(s)2MgCl2(l)+Ti(s)
Suppose that an ilmenite-sand mixture contains 20.8 % ilmenite by mass and that the first reaction is carried out with a 91.9 % yield. If the second reaction is carried out with an 86.0 % yield, what mass of titanium can be obtained from 1.20 kg of the ilmenite-sand mixture?

Explanation / Answer

Answer – We are given, reactions –

FeTiO3(s)+3Cl2(g)+3C(s) ------>3CO(g)+FeCl2(s)+TiCl4(g)

TiCl4(g)+2Mg(s) ------> 2MgCl2(l)+Ti(s)
an ilmenite-sand mixture contains 20.8 % ilmenite, means in 100 g of ilmenite-sand mixture there are 20.8 g of ilmenite

Percent yield for first reaction is 91.9 % and for second one it is 86.0 %

We are given, mass of ilmenite-sand mixture = 1.20 kg = 1.20*103 g

So, when 100 g of ilmenite-sand mixture = 20.8 g of ilmenite

So, 1.20*103 g of ilmenite-sand mixture = ?

= 249.6 g ilmenite

Now we need to calculate actual mass of TiCl4(g) formed in first reaction

Moles of FeTiO3(s) = given mass / molar mass

                                = 249.6 g / 151.71 g.mol-1

                                = 1.65 moles

Form the balanced equation –

1 moles of FeTiO3(s) = 1 moles of TiCl4(g)

So, 1.65 moles of FeTiO3(s) = ?

= 1.65 moles of TiCl4(g)

So theoretical yield of TiCl4(g) = 1.65 moles * 189.68 g/mol

                                                   = 312.1 g

So actual yield of TiCl4(g) = percent yield * theoretical yield / 100 %

                                            = 91.9 % * 312.1 g / 100 %

                                            = 286.8 g

So in the second reaction there is used 286.8 g TiCl4(g) for reaction

Moles of TiCl4(g) = 286.8 g / 189.68 g/mol

                         = 1.51 moles

From the balanced equation

1 moles of TiCl4(g) = 1 moles of Ti

So, 1.51 moles of TiCl4(g) = ?

= 1.51 moles of Ti

Theoretical yield of Ti = 1.51 moles * 47.867 g/mol

                                     = 72.38 g of Ti

So, actual yield of TiCl4(g) = percent yield * theoretical yield / 100 %

                                            = 86.0 % * 72.38 g / 100 %

                                            = 62.2 g

So 62.2 g of mass of titanium can be obtained from 1.20 kg of the ilmenite-sand mixture

Related Questions

Navigate

• Browse (All)
• Browse T
• Subjects

Integrity-first tutoring: explanations and feedback only — we do not complete graded work. Learn more.